对射式光电开关报警器的设计.doc

题 目：对射式光电开光报警器的设计 1  对射式光电开关报警器的设计 摘要：关键词： The Design of the beam photoelectric switch alarm Abstract:Alarm is a kind of electronic products, which uses light and voice two forms to remind or warn us to take some actions when we prevent the consequences caused by certain events . This design mainly uses microcomputer and correlation photoelectric medallion to effectively control the alarm circuit. It has many advantages ,such as easy fabrication and installation ,low cost, stable anti-theft performance ability, strong anti-interference ability, high sensitivity, safe and reliable, long service life, etc.The design includes two sections that are software and hardware.The laser photoelectric switch via infrared receiver characteristics in hardware , the switch is to break and the system began to alarm while opaque object passes through circuit and the system gain in the development of state when double-click the manual switch. Processor uses 51 series single-chip microcomputer AT89C51, the whole system is working under the control of software.The beam photoelectric switch alarm system is not to be found by thieves because of concealment installation,whats more,it can effectively play a role in warning and prevention. Keyword: SCM;the photoelectric switch; the alarm circuit 1引言 随着社会经济的发展和科学技术的不断进步，人们的生活水平得到很大的提高并且对私有财产和公共安全的保护意识也在不断的增强，报警器在日常生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用。故本次设计就是为了满足人们生活需求而设计的电子防盗系统。 就目前市面上的报警器主要有压力触发式防盗报警器、开关电子防盗报警器和压力遮光触发式防盗报警器等，但这几种比较常的报警器都存在一些缺点：（一）压力触发式防盗报警器由于压力板式安装在垫子内，当主机停止工作，主人在家走动时，都很容易失报和误报，其可靠性低。（二）开关式电子防盗报警器一般只有一个定点，有效范围小，而且各种开关也易坏，失报和误报率高，不可靠。（三）遮光式触发防盗报警器在受到太阳光照射就会引起误报，而且准确度不高。而本设计中所使用的对射式光电开关运用红外线，有很强的隐蔽性且准确性高、检测距离远，在防盗、警戒等安保装置中得到了广泛的应用。这种报警器利用开关的通断性来有效的报警。同时，对射式光电开关既可用于防盗报警装置，也可用于制动控制、遥测等领域，总之报警器与社会生活密不可分。 2 设计概述 本系统采用对射式光电开关来检测信号，它的制作简单、成本低，安装比较方便，而且防盗性能比较稳定，抗干扰能力强、灵敏度高、安全可靠。这种防盗器安装隐蔽，不易被盗贼发现,同时它的信号经过单片机系统处理后能有效控制电路系统。 2.1设计任务与要求 (1)本设计包括硬件和软件设计两个部分。模块划分为信息采集、时钟控制、电源控制、复位模块、开关与报警等模块。 (2)该开