常用翻译技巧(五).ppt

常用翻译技巧（五） 名词从句的译法； 定语从句的译法 * * 英语名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句等。翻译这类从句时，大多数可按原文的句序译成相应的汉语，但也还有一些其他的处理方法。 主语从句 以what, whatever, whoever 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。 What he told me was only half-truth. 他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。 Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。 以it 作假主语所引出的真主语从句，翻译时视情况可以提前，也可以不提前。 真主语从句提前译，为了强调起见，it 一般可以译出来，如果不需要强调， it 也可以不译出来。 It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. 他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。 It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的。 真主语从句不提前，it 一般不需要译出来。 It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings. 真奇怪，她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。 It is rumored that the meeting will be held in June. 据传，这个会将在六月举行。 宾语从句 用that , what , how 等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。 Can you hear what I say? 你听得到我所讲的吗？ I also told him how appealing I found the offer. 我也告诉他，这提供的机会对我有多么大的吸引力。 有时可加“说”字，再接下去译原文宾语从句的内容。 Smith replied that he was sorry. 史密斯回答说，他感到很遗憾。 He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lot of others. 他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。 用it 作假宾语的句子，汉译时that 引起的宾语从句一般可按原文顺序it 不译。 1）I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning. 我向他们讲清楚了的，他们必须在上午十时前交卷。 2）I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him. 我想你会来跟他谈这件事情的。 但有时在译文中也可将that 引导的宾语从句提前。 1）I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting. 我被选参加会议，感到光荣。 表语从句 英语表语从句跟宾语从句一样，一般可按原文顺序翻译。 That is how the student movement broadened out into a nationwide movement for a war of resistance against foreign invaders. 就这样，学生运动发展成为一个全国性的要求对外国侵略者进行抗战的运动。 2）The fact, however, remains that, though seemingly a big military power, she is far from invulnerable in her air defense. 然而，现实情况仍旧是，虽然她貌似一个军事强国，她的空防却远不是无懈可击的。 His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him. 他对新闻界的看法是，记者们不是支持他，就是反对他。 5）This is what he is eager to do. 这就是他所渴望做的。 6）That