毕业设计五层电梯模型试验系统硬件设计.docVIP

（ 二○○七年六月 摘 要 电梯是一种重要的垂直交通运输设备，又是比较复杂的机、电结合成一体的大型工业产品，既有完善的机械专用构造，又有复杂的电气控制部分。电梯自动控制系统是楼宇自动控制、工业过程控制的典型实例，也是人们研究的热点问题。根据实用电梯抽象而成的电梯模型，不仅和实用电梯的主要功能相当，而且结构简单、形象直观、演示效果好，可以验证各种控制策略，因此成为PLC、电气控制等课程实践教学的理想研究对象。 本文针对教学实验的要求，本着“功能完备、形象直观、结构简单、经济实用”的原则，设计了五层电梯模型。主要工作内容包括以下几方面： ⑴ 对设计的五层电梯模型从系统组成、实现功能、工作原理等方面进行了全面的分析； ⑵ 基于模块化思想，设计了用于内外呼梯、楼层检测、信息显示的信号综合及显示电路； ⑶ 综合考虑各种因素，采用H型PWM调速设计轿厢控制系统； ⑷ 设计了由步进电机控制电梯门工作的驱动电路； ⑸ 对电梯外观进行了初步设计。 尽管做了不少工作，但实验系统的实际应用还有许多工作要做，有待于今后进一步完善。 关键词：电梯模型；模块化设计；PWM调速；H型桥；门控； Abstract Elevator is a kind of important equipments which realizes vertical transportation, as well as large industrial products which combines machine and electricity complexly. It has perfect machine structure for special use and complexly electrical control components. The elevator automatic control system is a classical example for industrial process and building automation control，also it is a hot issuse in explore. The elevator model，which is abstracted by practical elevator, it main function not only as practically elevator, but also has simple structure, visual image, good effect of demonstration, and can test many kinds of control strategies, so it has became the practice teaching course’s ideal study in the PLC、electrical control and so on . The article against according to the requirement of the teaching experiment, based on the principle of completed functions, visual and simple, economical and practical. Design a five-story elevator model. Main tasks include the following port: ⑴ A five-story elevator model is designed, we comprehensive analysis it by the system comment, achieving functional and working principle. ⑵ Based on modular idea ，designed circuit for internal and external called for staircase, level detection, message signal integrated and display. ⑶ Considering various factors, designed the control system of elevator car by using speed regulation of H- shape PWM; ⑷ Designed the drive which undered stepper motor controlled elevator gate ⑸ Designed