新目标九级英语UWhenwasitinvented.docVIP

Unit 9 When was it invented？（Section A） 被动语态1.被动语态的时态: 被动语态的时态通过be的变化来体现，它必须与主语的人称、数一致。以下是几种常用的被动语态: (1)一般现在时的被动语态: am / is / are + 动词的过去分词。 Eg：This book in two languages.这本书是用两种语言写的. (2)现在进行时的被动语态: am / is /are + being + 动词的过去分词。 Eg: A school is by the workers now.工人们正在建一所学校. (3) 一般将来时的被动语态: will / be going to + be + 动词的过去分词. Eg: The project will next month.这项工程下个月就完工. (4) 现在完成时的被动语态: have / has + been + 动词的过去分词. Eg: My homework .我的作业以完成了. (5) 一般过去时的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词. Eg: The classroom three days ago. 教室是三天前被打扫的. (6) 含有情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 +be +动词的过去分词. The classroom every day.教室应该每天都被打扫. 2.被动语态的否定句和疑问句: （1）否定句的构成：必须在第一个助动词后加not。 Eg：His homework finished. 他的作业还没有完成。 （2）疑问句的构成：将第一个助动词置于主语之前。 Eg：When the bridge ？这座桥是何时建的？ 3、主动语态变被动语态的方法: （1）?? 把主动语态变的宾语作为被动语态的主语 （2）?? 主动语态的谓语改成be + 过去分词的形式，作为被动语态的谓语，be随着主语以及时态的变化而变化。 （3）?? 主动语态的主语变为by的宾语，有时可以省略。 4、被动语态的注意方法: （1）?? 在主动句中动词make，let，have，see，hear，feel，watch，find notice等后接不定式作宾补时，动词不定式都要去掉to,但变被动语态时,后面的不定式须加to. make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth. eg: The man made the boy __________ his homework.. The boy was made_______ _______ his homework. hear sb. do sth. sb. be heard to do sth. eg: I often hear him_______ in the next room. He is often heard _______ ________in the next room. (2) 主动语态中若有双宾语,变为被动语态时,只将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变.一般情况下,往往把表示人的宾语变为被动句的主语，而把直接宾语（物）留作被动句的宾语。如果把主动句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语，则间接宾语常须有介词（一般是for或to） eg： My mother bought me a bike. 其被动句为: I was bought a bike by my mother. = A bike was bought for me by my mother. (3)有些词如系动词taste, feel, look, smell, sound 等,以及 sell 作 “销量(好坏)”讲时常用主动语态表达被动的意思. Eg: This song sounds gentle. 这首歌听起来轻柔. Many kinds of books sell well. 许多种类的书销量不错. (4)有些词,如happen=take place “发生,” belong to “属于,”没有变动语态. Eg: The necklace belongs to me. 这个项链属于我. 被动语态专项练习 一、选择题 ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last