中考的英语语法第6讲---被动语态(33ppt).ppt

基 础 知 识 一、什么是被动语态？ 英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，使用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用被动语态。 1. 定义：被动语态，即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。 2. 被动语态的构成： 被字句：主语+ be +动词过去分词(v-ed) +by sb. 我打他 I beat him. (打过了) 他被我打=他打被我 He was beaten by me. 他喜欢她 He likes her. 她喜欢被他 She is liked by him. (am/ is / are). 学好被动语态的两个基础条件 一、每种时态的be动词形式。 二、不规则动词。 主动语态be的谓语形式总结(1) 主+am/ is/ are… 主+ am/ is/ are + being 主+ will + be… 主+ has been… He is a leader. He is being here. He will be a leader. He has been a leader. 主动语态be的谓语形式总结(2) 主+was/ were… 主+ was/ were + being 主+ would + be… 主+ had been… He was a leader. He was being here just now. He would be a leader. He had been a leader several years ago. 被动语态:主+ be +过去分词+(by sb) 1. He eats the apple. 2. He ate the apple. 3. He is eating the apple. 4. He was eating the apple. 5. He will eat the apple. 6. He would eat the apple. 7. He has eaten the apple. 8. He had eaten the apple. 1. The apple is eaten by him. 2. The apple was eaten by him. 3. The apple is being eaten by him. 4. The apple was being eaten by him. 5. The apple will be eaten by him. 6. The apple would be eaten by him. 7. The apple has been eaten by him. 8. The apple had been eaten by him. 三、情态动词的被动语态 他儿子一定照顾这个人。 His son must take care of the person. 这个人一定要由他儿子照顾=即这个人一定照顾由他儿子。 The person must be taken care of by his son. 含有情态动词的句子变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面直接加上be动词即可。 构成：主语+情态动词(can,may,must)+be(永远是原形)+过去分词+by sb. 1. You must do this as soon as possible. 2. I can use it. 3. You should buy a dictionary. 4. She ought to clean her bedroom. 5. They need look after the little child. 6. We can change water into ice. 1. This must be done as soon as possible (by you). 2. It can be used. 3. A dictionary should be bought(by you). 4. Her bedroom ought to be cleaned. 5. The little child need be looked after(by them). 6. Water can be changed into ice. 提 高 知 识 一、是不是所有的动词都有被动语态？ 1.所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。 这类动词或短语如：take place(发生)，happen(发生)，come about(发生)，break out(爆发)，appea