动词(四、被动语态).ppt

英语语法复习 动词（四、被动语态） 一、构成：be +及物动词的过去分词 二、各种形式的被动语态： 1. 一般现在时：am (is, are) +V-ed 2. 一般过去时：was (were) +V-ed 3. 一般将来时：shall / will be + V-ed 4. 现在进行时：am (is, are) being +V-ed 5. 过去进行时：was (were) being +V-ed 6. 现在完成时：have (has) been +V-ed 7. 过去完成时：had been + V-ed 8. 将来完成时：shall / will have been +V-ed 9. 情态动词： can / may / must / ought to + V-ed 1. 这个地区禁止吸烟。 Smoking is forbidden in this area. 2. 昨天我应邀去参加了音乐会。 I was invited to the concert yesterday. 3. 这项工作将在明天完成。 The work will be completed tomorrow. 4. 我的家乡正在修建一所新学校。 A new school is being built in my hometown. 5. 他们到达时正在播送那条新闻。 The news was being broadcast when they arrived. 6. 到现在为止所有的工作已经做完了。 All the work has been finished by now. 7. 他说这部小说已经被翻译成5种外语了。 He said the novel had been translated into five foreign languages. 8. 明天六点之前他的作业就已完成了。 His homework will have been finished before six tomorrow. 9. 这些书不得带出阅览室。 The books mustn’t be taken out of the reading room. 10. 我的电脑什么时候能修好？ When can my computer be repaired? 三、用法： 1、强调动作的承受者： 这个计划成功地施行了。 The plan was successfully carried out. 怀特先生很受我们大家的尊敬。 Mr. White is greatly respected by all of us. 2、不必或不知动作的执行者： 印刷是从中国引入欧洲的。 Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 桑塔纳是由中国制造的。 SANTANA is made in China. 3、动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物。 窗户玻璃是被石头打碎的。 The window glass was broken by a stone. 4、为礼貌起见避免提及动作执行者： 大家同意都支持他。 It’s agreed that we all support him. 这项计划被认为是不切实际的。 The plan was generally considered impractical. 5、句法修辞的需要： 他出现在舞台上，大家热烈鼓掌。 He appeared on the stage and was loudly applauded. 明年他们将修建一座住宅楼，就盖在办公楼后面。 They are going to build an apartment building next year. It’s going to be built behind the office building. 6、习惯用法的需要： 他出生在一个小村庄。 He was born in a small village. 我的家乡坐落在山脚下 My hometown is situated at the foot of a mountain. 7、用于公告、通知、新闻报道、科技文章： 请各位旅客留在座位上直到飞机完全停好。 Passengers are requested to remain seated until the aircraft comes to a complete stop. 五岁孩童遭到绑架！ Five-year-old Boy Kidnapped! 8、在一些固定结构中，如“据说”、“据报道”、“据估计”、“众所周知”、“必须指出”等句式中，常用被动语态： 据报道中国已经成为世界贸易组织的一员了。 It’s reported t