基于Timoshenko梁模型的车辆-轨道耦合系统垂向随机振动分析.pdfVIP

第 50 卷第 18 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.50 No.18 2 0 1 4 年 9 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Sep. 2 0 1 4 DOI ：10.3901/JME.2014.18.134 基于 Timoshenko 梁模型的 车辆-轨道耦合系统垂向随机振动分析* 孙文静 周劲松 宫 岛 ( 同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院 上海 201804) 摘要：将钢轨视为无限长 Timoshenko 梁，由两层弹簧阻尼系统连续支撑，在频域建立车辆-轨道垂向耦合动力学模型。提出 采用格林函数法求解钢轨运动偏微分方程，可在较宽频域内得到轨道动力响应避免模态截断频率限制，结合车辆方程求解点 导纳及传递导纳，运用虚拟激励法将真实轨道谱激励作为系统输入，求解车辆-轨道系统随机振动响应，并将该弹性轨道与 传统刚性轨道、简化弹簧轨道模型结果进行对比。研究结果表明，采用格林函数法求解无限长 Timoshenko 梁弹性轨道模型 可快速实现全频域计算，得到轨道系统频率响应特性。利用虚拟激励法及叠加法，可得到轮轨多点接触工况下的车辆与轨道 结构随机振动响应。采用刚性轨道结构模型会导致过高估计车辆结构在高频的振动，整个耦合系统振动响应均对速度较敏感。 考虑轨道弹性影响的弹性轨道模型更符合实际，采用格林函数法求解轨道模型较为快速精确。 关键词：车辆-轨道垂向耦合模型；Timoshenko 梁轨道；格林函数法；随机振动 中图分类号：U270 Random Vibration Analysis on Vertical Vehicle-track Coupled System with Timoshenko Beam Model SUN Wenjing ZHOU Jinsong GONG Dao (Institute of Railway Urban Mass Transit Research, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804) Abstract ：Considering the rail as an infinite Timoshenko beam supported by two spring-damper layers, the vertical vehicle-track coupled dynamic model is established in frequency-domain. Green’s function method is applied to solve the partial differential equations of the rail. The dynamic response of rail can be calculated in wide frequency band without any limitations due to modal truncation. The point and transfer receptances of vehicle are obtained with its dynamic equations. Real track irregularities spectrum is used as input with pseudo-excitation method to get the random vibration response of both track and vehicle in coupled system. And the results of three different models – flexible track, rigid track and simplified spring track are compared. Results show the frequenc