论中尼劳动法主要异同与中资企业劳资纠纷处理-中国法学学术交流中心.pdfVIP

论中尼劳动法主要异同与中资企业劳资纠纷处理 刘 诚* 摘 要：中尼劳动法的共性是都有完整的劳动法律体系，并且都保护劳动者权益、 限制雇主权力。中尼劳动法的主要差异在于，中国是单一工会制，而尼日利亚是多 元工会制；中国是民法系国家，而尼日利亚是普通法系国家。因此，中国企业投资 尼日利亚时，首先应该熟悉当地劳动法，以避免违法，并在诉讼发生时正确运用法 律规则应诉；其次，应该积极与工会沟通，以减少不必要的冲突、并尽快解决冲突； 还应该积极与当地政府沟通，以减少冲突、并合作解决冲突。 关键词：中国、尼日利亚、直接投资、劳动法、劳资纠纷处理 An Outline Comparison Study on Sino-Nigerian Labor Law as well as Labor Disputes Settlement Inside Chinese FDI Companies Liu Cheng** Abstract: The main commonness in labor law of China and Nigeria are that both country have employment law regulating individual labor relations (employment relations), and labor law regulating collective labor relations (industrial relations). The main difference are that China belongs to Civil Law System while Nigeria belongs to Common Law System, and there is only one union, ACFTU in China, and there are many unions in Nigeria. Therefore, Chinese FDI companies shall pay attention to both Chinese labor law and Nigerian labor law, especially the their difference. As for labor disputes, Chinese FDI companies should study Nigerian labor law carefully to avoid violating local labor law, and use correct legal rules in response to labor law litigation when the lawsuits take place. What ’s more, they should also communicate closely with both unions and governments so as to main labor-management cooperation and a harmonious labor relations. * 刘 诚，上海师范大学法政学院教授、法与社会发展研究中心秘书长、社会法研究所所长、中国法学会社会法 学研究会理事。 ** Liu Cheng, Professor, School of Political Science and Law, Shanghai Normal University. 一、引言 ① 鉴于经济下行引发了针对劳动法的新一轮争论， 有必要对劳动关系的性质与劳 动法的价值进行必要的说明，这是正确对待劳动关系和正确处理劳资纠纷的前提。 （一）劳动关系的合作性质与利益冲突解决途径 合作源于合作各方的利益大于不合作。合作不是合并或一体化，因此合作者同时 存在利益冲突。劳动关系显然是一种合作关系，并且是一种持续合作关系。 劳动关系的合作基础是劳资双方都可以受益，即增大收入 （利润和工资）；劳资 双方既存在共同利益，即企业发展 （做大蛋糕）；也存在利益冲突，即企业发展成果 的分配 （分割蛋糕）。理论分配比例，也是全局性、长远性的合理比例，应该是供求 平衡。但局部性、个别