International Trade Barriers Complaints and Structural Employment： A Conceptual and Quantitative Macro-perspective.pdf

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International Trade Barriers Complaints and Structural Employment： A Conceptual and Quantitative Macro-perspective.pdf

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ChineseBusinessReview，ISSN 1537-1506 October2013，Vo1．12，No．10，673-690 … … 岱 InternationalTradeBarriersComplaintsandStructural Employment：AConceptualandQuantitativeMacro—perspective s．Samplonius—Raut，JanW aalkens StendenUniversityofAppliedSciences，Emmen，TheNetherlands Freetrade isbeneficialforallnations．Paretooptimality canbereached bytradewithoutbarriers，leadingto maximizing totalwelfareofnationsinvolved．Yetthere rae clera casesofcomplaining atthe World Trade Organization(WTO)inwhichhomebiasisplausiblythereasonforcomplaining，ratherthanobjectivecriteriaof therulesoftradeagreements．Nexttohomebiasinindividualcasesinducedhomebiasleadingtocomplainingat WTO mightalso be atrend．Using correlation and stepwiseregressionanalysisadataseton28complaining countriesisanalysed．ThenumberofcomplaintsattheWTO isthedependentvariableinexploratory modeling． Independentvariablesarevariousvariablesoneconomicstructure．Structuralunemployment(SUN)，agricultural importshare，currentaccountbalance，internationalpropertyrights(IPR)，andforeigndirectinvestment(FDI) turnedouttobesignificantlyrelatedtothenumberofcomplaints．Thisisastrongindicatorthatcomplainingatthe WTOisatleastpartlyinducedbyotherthanobjectivefactors．Oneofthesefactorsotherthanobjectivefactors couldbeconsideredasaninducedhomebiaswhichleadstodisruptivetrade．Theestablishedrelationshipwithone ofthesefactorsindicatestheexistenceofinducedhomebiasasan actualtrendbasedontheoutcomesofthe analysispresented． Keywords．tradebarriers，complaints，structuralemployment，disruptivetrade，homebias Introduction Thecurrentliteraturestillneedstoexploretherelationshipbetweenthenumberofcomplaintsfiledat