1. Plot 文学原理教程课件.ppt

Fiction 虚构，小说 ---- A prose narrative that is the product of the imagination. ① Stories at least partially imagined; ② A narrative told in prose. Elements of Fiction Plot Character Characterization Theme Point of view Tone Style Symbol Plot 情节与故事 故事是按照时间顺序加以排列的事件叙述；而小说情节虽也是事件叙述，但着重因果关系，（当然可以由果求因，也可以由因及果）于是就会加强对矛盾、冲突的描写，而对结果提出合理的解释。 Conflict 冲突 The essence of fiction creating plot; ---- The struggle or encounter within the plot of two opposing forces that serves to create reader or audience interest and suspense. Kinds of Conflict External Conflict 外部冲突 ---- Physical, moral or psychological contest between antagonistic characters. Man versus Man Man versus Nature Man versus Society Man vs. Man The protagonist in the story experiences conflict with others, especially the antagonist. Man vs. Nature The protagonist in the story experiences conflict with the elements of nature. Man vs. Society The protagonist in the story experiences conflict with society as a whole. Man vs. Self The protagonist in the story experiences conflict with her or his conscience. Five Stages of Plot 1. Exposition 开端 Initiating Action ---- The part of a work that provides necessary background information. 2. Complication 发展 Rising Action ---- The part of the plot in which the conflict is developed and intensified. A building of interest or suspense occurs. 2. Complication 3. Crisis 高潮 Climax ---- That point during the plot when the action reaches its turning point. 4. Falling Action 逆转 ---- The moment when the tension subsides and the plot moves towards its resolution. 4. Falling Action All loose ends of the plot are tied up. The conflict(s) and climax are taken care of. 5. Resolution 结局 ---- The final section of the plot in which the major conflict, issue, or problem is resolved. 5. Resolution The story comes to a reasonable ending. Putting It All Together Different Ways of Arranging Events in Plot 1. Arranging the events chronolog