初中不定式动名词专讲专练.doc

不定式和动名词 一、动词不定式：构成：to + 动词原形 （to只是不定式符号，没有意义） 1.动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末 It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well. 学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s important for us to protect environment. 对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4. 常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有： agree 同意, begin 开始, choose 选择, dare 敢, decide 决定, expect 期望, forget 忘记, hate 憎恨, hope 希望, learn 学会, like 喜欢, love 喜爱, need 必要, offer 提供, prefer 宁愿, promise保证, refuse 拒绝, remember 记得, start 开始, try 设法, want 想要, wish 希望, would like想要 5. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词 + (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep. 他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 6. 下列动词跟动词不定式充当宾语补助语： want 想要, wish 希望, ask 问, tell 告诉, order 命令, beg 乞求, help 帮助, advise 建议, allow 允许, prepare 准备, call 叫, wait for 等待, invite 邀请 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答 The room is comfortable to live in. 这个房间住起来很舒服 He is easy to get along with. 他很容易相处 I’m glad to see you again. 很高兴再次见到你 She told me to buy a ticket. 她让我去买张票 help 后的不定式可带to, 也可不带to The teachers helped the students (to) learn English well. 那些老师帮助学生学好英语。 He often helps his mother (to) tidy up the room. 他经常帮助他妈妈整理房间。 不定式作表语表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”等 Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作就是打扫大厅。 My dream is to be a teacher. 我的梦想是当一名教师。 不定式作状语的用法 He worked day and night to get the money. （表目的）他日夜工作来赚钱。 He is too young to go to school. （表结果）他太小以致不能上学。 They were very sad to hear the news. （表原因）听到这个消息他们非常伤心。 The que