“雾霾”天气-英语介绍.doc

雾霾天气-英语介绍 背景知识： The market for dust masks and air purifiers is booming in Beijing because the capital has been shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze. 近几日北京持续被浓重雾霾笼罩，市场上防尘口罩和空气净化器的销量剧增。 雾（fog）和霾（haze）是这两天我们经常听到的两个词，二者的区别为：雾的相对湿度（the relative humidity）一般在90%以上，而霾在80%以下，但通常两者并存。能见度（visibility）在1公里以下的称为雾，1公里以上但小于10公里的属于灰霾（dust haze）现象。 近两日，部分地区的空气质量指数（air quality index, AQI）可能达到极重污染，北京多地PM2.5浓度“爆表”。PM2.5就是指“可入肺颗粒物”，PM的英文全称为particulate matter（微粒物、悬浮微粒），PM2.5就是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物，可直接进入人体的alveoli of the lungs（肺泡），它的直径还不到人头发丝粗细的1/20。PM2.5主要来自burning of fossil fuels in vehicles（机动车燃油）, power plants（发电厂） 以及 various industrial processes（各类工业生产）。 相关报道： 1、 Pollution may make economy stumble 污染可能绊住经济发展的步伐 Construction, tourism will be hit by haze and measures to tackle it As a number of cities try to clear the air, specialists in Beijing warn that the pollution and emergency responses to reduce it could damage the economy and tourism. Authorities in the capital said on Monday they had ordered 58 factories with high emissions to suspend operations. Work at construction sites that could cause dust, such as leveling land, were also halted. The move followed similar action in Shijiazhuang, in neighboring Hebei province, where authorities stopped work at more than 700 construction sites. Heavy fog envelops Nanchang city in Jiangxi province on Jan 14, 2013. [Photo/Xinhua] Both cities have advised young children and the elderly to stay indoors. The capital has ordered kindergartens, primary and middle schools to scrap physical education classes until air quality improves. Pollution from the 58 factories has been cut, and we believe we can reduce their emissions by 30 percent, Li Hong, deputy director of Beijings Economy and Information Technology Commission, said at a news conference held jointly by several departments on Monday. The factories ordered to halt operations include two cement plants, and others involved in chemicals, metallurgy and buildin