研究生公共英语《阅读C》UNIT.pptVIP

研究生公共英语《阅读C》UNIT5 The Science of Custom The Science of Custom Unit 5 Anthropology The study of humanity - our physical characteristics as animals, and our unique non-biological characteristics we call culture. The subject is generally broken down into three sub-disciplines: biological (physical) anthropology, cultural (social) anthropology, and archaeology. Culture:? Culture is a shared, learned, symbolic system of values, beliefs and attitudes that shapes and influences perception and behavior -- an abstract mental blueprint or mental code. custom accepted or habitual practice a specific practice of long standing behavior the actions or reactions of an object or organism, usually in relation to the environment. Behavior can be conscious or unconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. Behavior is controlled by the endocrine system, and the nervous system. The complexity of the behavior of an organism is related to the complexity of its nervous system Race A race is a distinct population of humans distinguished in some way from other humans. The most widely observed races are those based on skin color, facial features, ancestry, and genetics. Conceptions of race, as well as specific racial groupings, are often controversial due to their impact on social identity hence identity politics Race The Ibans were formerly known during the colonial period by the British as Sea Dayaks and are a branch of the Dayak peoples of Borneo. At the time a fearsome warrior race, the Iban were renowned for practising headhunting and piracy. 达雅克人 Dayaks 东南亚加里曼丹岛的古老居民，分属印度尼西亚、马来西亚和文莱3国。原分布地区较广，后受马来人移民的排挤，逐渐退缩到内陆山地，只有一部分居留沿海地区。属蒙古人种马来类型，为原始马来人的后裔。 一村通常只有一、两座长屋。后来，达雅克人中开始出现小家庭单独建屋居住的倾向，并日益受到商品货币关系的影响 Ibans doing the ngajat A Modern Iban Longhouse in Kapit Division 1. fasten on / upon: direct or fix (ones look, thoughts, attention) upon Example: We should fasten our attention on the environmental pollution. 2. He is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of