语言学讲义考研Sociolinguistics.pptVIP

考研讲义 7sociolinguistics 主要考点 语言与文化的关系 萨皮尔-沃尔夫假设的强势说和弱势说 跨文化交际中出现障碍的原因 语言使用的社会属性 语言在社会语境中作为交际工具的多样性 T/F Sociolinguistis are interested in “terms of address”because they offer some socio-cultural information about the type of relationship between the speaker and the hearer. Micro-sociolinguistics is sociolinguistics proper. Greek does not belong to the Indo-European lg family. Regional dialect is a variety of lg related to the use of lg. Linguistic competence is one variety of cultural competence. Blank-filling Any discourse can be seen as a configuration of field, mode and __. The _ theory shows a lg existing in different dialects that overlap each other. Name four subfamilies in the Indo-European lg family:______. The lg in the Germanic subfamily are _,_,_,_,_ and _. English belongs to the __ subfamily of the __family. __ lgs are those in which words are typically composed of a sequence of affixes added to the root. In the present day, the stability of __ sees to be decreasing. 1 tenor 2 wave 3 Celtic, Italic, Germanic Hellenic 4English, German, Danish, Norwegian, Swedian, Dutch 5 Germanic , Indo-European 6 agglutinative 7.regional dialect 1. Lg and culture Broadly speaking, culture means the total way of life of a people, including the patterns of belief, customs, objects, institutions, techniques, and language. In a narrow sense, it refers to local or specific practice, beliefs or customs. 1.1 The relationship between L C Generally, the relation of L to C is that of part to whole, for L is part of C. The knowledge and beliefs that constitute a people’s culture are habitually encoded and transmitted in L. Anthropological study of linguistics: study of language in a sociocultural context. Bronislaw Malinowski (1884-1942): The meaning of a word greatly depends upon its occurrence in a given context. Language functions as a link in human activity, a mode of action. J. R. Firth (1890-1960): theory of the context of situation The relevant features of the particip