电瓷涡流刹车电源的设计.doc

摘 要 目前，在钻井行业中，电磁刹车得到了广泛的应用，这是由于它是一种无摩擦、使用简便、维护工作量小,低速仍有较大制动转矩的装置。电磁刹车是一种无摩擦的石油钻机用辅助刹车,它利用电磁感应原理, 将直流电通入电磁刹车的定子线圈, 产生恒定磁场, 在绞车下放重物时,电磁刹车的转子切割定子磁场的磁力线,从而产生感应电势、电涡流和制动转矩,这时司钻人员可用司钻开关调节电磁刹车励磁电流的大小,从而灵活地控制刹车的制动转矩、控制下钻的速度快慢, 不用主刹车而完成整个下钻作业，是石油钻机理想的辅助刹车。 然而, 电磁刹车的制动力矩与定子励磁电流有关,如果失去励磁电流,电磁刹车的制动转矩将为零, 这在下钻作业中是不允许的。所以与刹车配套的励磁电源,对使用刹车时的安全作业起着十分重要的作用，缺少可靠电源保证的电磁刹车极易导致事故。 针对目前电磁刹车的缺陷，为减少元件数量，精简电路，我采用了集成脉冲发生控制器TCA785代替了以往的分立元件电路，而且增加了断水保护、过流保护等环节，使设计的电源更加可靠且经济。 关键词：电磁刹车 电源 整流电路 触发电路  Abstract At present, in the well drilling trade, the electromagnetic brake is widely used, this is because it is that one kind has not rubs, uses simply and conveniently and safeguarding the work load to be little, still have heavy to apply the brake device of torque at a low speed. It is that a kind of petroleum rig not rubbed is used and braked auxiliarily to brake electromagnetically, it utilizes the electromagnetic induction principle, enter the direct current openly on the electromagnetic stator coil that braked, the invariable magnetic field emerges, when the hoist transfers the heavy object, the electromagnetic rotor that brakes cuts the magnetic force line of the magnetic field of the stator, thus produce reaction electric potential , electric vortex and apply the brake torque, driller personnel can regulate with driller switch electromagnetic to brake size , excitation of electric current at this moment, speed of speed that thus the one that control and brake in a flexible way applies the brake the torque , control run the drilling tool into the well, neednt brake but is it run the drilling tool into the well homework is petroleum rig ideal auxiliary brake entirely to finish mainly. However, the ones that braked electromagnetically made motive force square and related to stator excitation electric current, if lose excitation electric current, the torque will be zero that the ones that brake electromagnetically apply the brake, this will not be allowed in running the drilling tool into