不同视角下的残疾预防及其组织体系建设-中国残疾人联合会.pdfVIP

/ 理论研讨/Theoretical Discussion 不同视角下的残疾预防 及其组织体系建设 ■葛忠明 李锦绣 摘要 【 】第二次全国残疾人抽样调查结果显示，我国残疾人数量每年呈增长趋势，对残疾服务的要求 也在逐年提高。在残疾人社会服务方面，我国在残疾人就业、康复、教育、文化娱乐等方面做出了很多突 破性的实践，使残疾人的生活有了明显的改善。但残疾预防工作相对于其他方面而言还有待改善。本文首 先鉴别了两种不同的残疾人视角，分析了不同视角下不同类型残疾人的致残原因，并且有针对性地提出相 应的预防策略。同时，本文认为残疾预防策略的实施需要一个设计合理、行动迅速高效的职业化、专业化 的残疾预防组织体系 ；认为有必要建立一个政府、残联、残疾人协会、社区（村）残疾人服务组织四位一 体的残疾人预防组织体系，充分发挥残疾人组织在残疾预防方面的作用。 关键词 【 】残疾人 ；残疾预防 ；职业化 ；专业化 ；组织体系 Disability Prevention and Its Organization System Construction on Different Perspectives GE Zhong-ming, LI Jin-xiu 【 】According to the results of the second national sampling survey on disabilities, the needs Abstract for social services are growing year by year while the total population of people with disabilities is getting bigger. Major breakthrough has occurred in service business for those in need, especially in employment, rehabilitation, education, recreation and entertainment services, which obviously improve disabled people’s living standard. But early prevention service is still left behind. This paper tried to identify two different perspectives to people with disabilities, and pinpointed the causes of different types of disability, and thus gave correspondingly suggestions to prevention strategies. Also, the paper proposed that a professionalized organization system should be developed to implement prompt and effective measures in prevention. And the system can only be of a success in a manner that it is composed of GOs and NGOs, including CDPF and its local branches, the self-governed grassroots organizations operated by people with disabilities themselves. 【 】People with disabilities; Disability prevention; Professionalization; Specialization; Key words Organization system 引言