强迫症Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder课件.ppt

O C D Obsessive–compulsive disorder  C O N T E N T Symptoms Concept Causes Treatment CONCEPT Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce anxiety, by repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety, or by combinations of such thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions). O C D CAUSES 2、biological 1、psychological Scholars generally agree that both psychological and biological factors play a role in causing the disorder, although they differ in their degree of emphasis upon either type of factor.  From the 14th to the 16th century in Europe, it was believed that people who experienced blasphemous, sexual, or other obsessive thoughts were possessed by the Devil. Based on this reasoning, treatment involved banishing the evil from the possessed person through exorcism. OCD has been linked to abnormalities with the neurotransmitter serotonin, although it could be either a cause or an effect of these abnormalities. Serotonin is thought to have a role in regulating anxiety. In order to send chemical messages from one neuron to another, serotonin must bind to the receptor sites located on the neighboring nerve cell. Depression 抑郁强迫症 Classification Night Person(Procrastination) 晚睡强迫症（拖延症） Mysophobia 洁癖强迫症 All kinds of OCD A snake with OCD Symptoms · compulsions · obsessions Obsessions The typical OCD sufferer performs tasks, or compulsions, to seek relief from obsession-related anxiety. Within and among individuals, the initial obsessions, or intrusive thoughts, can vary in their clarity and vividness. A relatively vague obsession could involve a general sense of disarray or tension, accompanied by a belief that life cannot proceed as normal while the imbalance remains. Among the more particularly obsessions one may have is a preoccupation with the idea of violently hurting others or oneself. Compulsions Wh