广东工业大学专业英语课件.ppt

第四部分以杂志要求为例，介绍研究论文的修改 * On the other hand is mostly used to introduce the second of tow conflicting points of view from the same person/people/community. e.g. Harry is hesitant about his research procedure. He wants to analyze the secondary data before the primary data because he has experience in this approach; on the other hand, he is aware that it is more appropriate to start with primary data for this research. * 连词 连词 On the other hand can be used to introduce the second of two contrasting points, facts or ways of looking at something. He might have got caught in a traffic jam. On the other hand, he might still be asleep. It may rain tomorrow, on the other hand it may be sunny so we can all go hill climbing. * 连词 The use of However/ Nevertheless / Nonetheless Many students think these are interchangeable but they are not. “Nevertheless” / “Nonetheless” tells you that the following information is surprising in view of the previous information. “However” does not have this connotation of unexpectedness. * 连词 Look at the example below. I lost my wallet today. However there wasn’t much money in it. Here you cannot use “Nevertheless”/ “Nonetheless”. There is nothing in the first sentence that makes the following sentence surprising or unexpected. This difference in meaning is very useful both because it helps the listener/reader predict and also because it conveys the speaker’s attitude to what he is saying. * 连词 Look at the following examples: (a) he failed all his exams. However he is trying again. (b) he failed all his exams. Nevertheless / Nonetheless he is trying again. In (b) the speaker finds it surprising that the candidate, have failed all his exams, should try again. In (a) there is no such feeling of surprise. * 连词 The point is that : i) You can write “However” instead of “Nevertheless” / “Nonetheless” but may lose some meaning. ii) You cannot always write “Nevertheless” / “Nonetheless” instead of “However”. The result could be nonsense. *