土木工的程专业外语课件.ppt

土木工程专业英语概述 土木工程专业英语是土木工程专业学生在通过基础英语学习阶段后，能够利用好英语而开设的，能使学生顺利阅读并正确理解有关专业书籍和文章的专业必修课程 土木工程专业英语的特点 一、 词汇难 二、句子难 三、汉语表达难 英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态结构。 A) A direct current is a current which flows always in the direction. B)A direct current is a current flowing in the same direction. Unit one Civil Engineering Unit Two Building and architecture Unit Three Tall Building 谢 谢！ In compression the materials is pressed or pushed together.　　　　　　　　　　　 He often referred to handbooks for some data when designing. The street runs westward across a great black bridge, down the hill and up again, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green grassland. 3、作表语的形容词的副词可转译成汉语的动词。 Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible. 4、作定语的分词 There was a large amount of output power wasted because of leakage. （二）可译成汉语名词的情况 1、某些英语动词表达的概念难以直接用汉语的动词来表达时，翻译为汉语名词 The new liquid crystals feature wide working temperature range, low-volt age operation and high reliability. 2、某些表示特征的形容词作表语时可转译为汉语名词；带有定冠词的某些形容词用作名词可译成名词 Some people think tomorrow’s computers will be intelligent. X is used in mathematics for the unknown in equation. 3、在英语中大量作用的代词，为了使概念清楚，符合汉语表达习惯，翻译时可将代词还原为名词。 This is the very book I want. Radio waves are similar to light waves except their wave length is much greater 4、某些副词转译为名词可以使译文更加顺畅 。Internally the earth consist of two parts, a core and a mantles. （三）可译成汉语形容词的情况 1、修饰动词的副词，由于动词转译为名词，因而相应的译为汉语形容词 This waveguide tube is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of structure. 2、修饰形容词的副词，由于形容词转译为名词，因而可相应转译为汉语形容词 Mercury is appreciably volatile even at room temperature. 3、副词作定语修饰名词，译成汉语形容词 The building around are mostly of modern construction. （四）可转译成汉语副词的各种情况 1、修饰名词的形容词，由于名词转译成汉语动词，因而相应的译成汉语副词 We must make full use of the existing technological equipment 2、为了使译文符合汉语表达习惯，有时形容词、动词转译为汉语副词。 二、句子成分转换 （一）主语的转换 2、转换为汉语的谓语。以care, need, attention, emphasis, improvement等名词及名词化结构作主语时 There is a need for imp