必修6 虚拟语气课件.ppt

虚拟语气 The Subjunctive Mood 动词的三种语气： 1、陈述语气——所表达的动作或状态是符合客观 现实的。 e.g. He played the piano well. 2、祈使语气——表示号召、命令、请求、劝告等。 e.g. Let us help you. Open the door. 3、虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑 推测、祝愿等。 1、if条件句中的虚拟语气 If it _____ (rain) tomorrow, our trip _____________ (put off) . 2）if虚拟条件句 (时态退后） 构成——从句：一般现在时 主句：将来时 rains will be put off 动词过去式 （be—were） 条件从句 结果主句 would/should/could/might+动词原形 had+过去分词 would/should/could/might+have 过去分词 动词过去式 were+不定式 should +动词原形 would （should）+动词原形 1）if真实条件句 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 时态退后 a.　 同现在事实相反的假设。句型 ： 条件从句　　　　　主句 　　　　一般过去时　　　should( would) +动词原形 　 If they were here, they would help you. b.　 表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型： 条件从句　　　　　 主句　　　　　　　　过去完成时　　　 should(would) have+ 过去分词 　 If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.　 c.　 表示对将来的假想　句型：　 条件从句　　　　　　 主句 一般过去时　　　　　 　 were+ 不定式　　　　 should+ 动词原形 Should/would/could/might + v. 练习： 1. If I ______ (know) her address, I would write to her. 2. What would you have done if you __________(miss) the train? 3. If he ___________ (not be ill ), he would have done something. 4. If it ________________________(snow) tomorrow, we ____________(get up) early. knew had missed had not been ill were to (should) snow/ snowed should get up 3.在宾语从句中的应用　　在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。 order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 注意： 如suggest, insist不表示建议 或坚持要…时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 He insisted that she was wrong. The first theory suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. I wish I were as tall as you.　我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadn’t said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 　I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 4. Wish 后的宾语从句 将来---would/could/mignt do; were/did 现在---were/did 过去---had done; would/could/might have done 5. Would