中学生百科英语讲义.doc

小升初冲刺班暑假第六讲 一．Vocabulary: 《中学生百科英语1 Facts ＆ Figures》Lesson 1黑体单词： yawn quickly /kw?kl?/ adv. 迅速地；很快地 contagious /k?nte?d??s/ adj. 感染性的；会蔓延的 bored /b??d/ adj. 无聊的；无趣的；烦人 might / ma?t/ v. 可以；或许（may的过去式）；应该 however /ha?ev?/ conj. 无论以何种方式; 不管怎样 adv. 无论如何；不管怎样（接副词或形容词）；然而；可是 excited /?ksa?t?d/ adj. 兴奋的；激动的；活跃的 race /re?s/ n.比赛 alert /?l??t/ adj. 警惕的，警觉的 10.deeply /di?pl?/ adv. 深刻地；浓浓地；在深处 11.stretch /stret?/ v.伸展，延伸 12.muscle /m?s(?)l/ n. 肌肉；力量 二：Key sentences: 必背句子： No one really know the answer. We do know that everyone yawns in the same way. Your mouth stays open for about five minutes. Then you quickly close your mouth. Many people say that they yawn because they are bored or tired. Olympic runners , for example, often yawn before a race. Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning. Maybe this makes you feel more alert. 语法点： 　　　 There be句型的用法： 表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。 单数 is 复数 are 如：There is a table in the room. There are some birds on the tree. There be 句型的结构： 1.（一）There is+单数可数+地点状语 例：There is a ruler on the desk. （二）There are+复数主语+地点状语 例：There are four apples on the tree. There are some flowers in the park. （三）there is + 不可数名词+地点状语（即使有some 也是单数） 例：There is some water in the bottle. 2.There be选择就近原则： There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。 There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。 如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答 （一）There be 句型的疑问 1. 在“There is/are...”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。 2. 肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are. 3. 否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t. 例句 可数名词单数 1. 肯定句There is an apple on the tree. 疑问句Is there an apple on the tree? 肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t. 可数名词复数 2. 肯定句There are five pens on the desk. 疑问句Are there five pens on the desk? 肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答No, there aren’t. 不可数名词的时候 3.肯定句There is some water in the cup. 否定句Is there a