格茨手册.doc

P1 Preface 前言 As a leading manufacturer of piston rings it is our goal, through the GOETZE Piston Ring Handbook, to inform specialists and upcoming generations of engineers about the key areas of piston ring technology. 作为一个活塞环行业龙头企业，我们希望通过这本GOETZE活塞环手册，使专家和日后的专业工程师获取活塞环技术核心领域的信息。 The last edition of the Piston Ring Handbook appeared in 1995 after the acquisition of the then Goetze AG the TN Group, Manchester, UK. Since 1998 GOETZE has been part of the world-wide Federal-Mogul corporate group. 最近的一本活塞环手册在1995年Goetze AG还属于英国曼彻斯特TN集团时出的。1998年GOETZE成为辉门全球集团旗下的一员。 The retained original GOETZE brand is backed by more than 100 years of experience and know-how. 这个保留下来的原创品牌GOETZE背后有着一百多年的经验和技术精华。 This new edition of the Piston Ring Handbook contains updated basic knowledge and now includes an application-related section. 这本新版的活塞环手册包括了必威体育精装版的关于活塞环的基础知识及应用知识。 We hope this handbook makes interesting reading and provides you with some useful new information. 我们希望这本手册能让您轻松阅读并同时提供给您一些有用的新信息。 Burscheid, April 2003 博希德，2003年4月 P2 Content 目录 General Principles 基本原理 Nomenclature 常用符号及单位 Piston Ring Functions and Operation 活塞环功能及应用 Theoretical Relationships 理论公式 Contact Pressure 接触压力 Tangential Force 切向弹力 Diametral Force 径向弹力 Closure Stress 工作弯曲应力 Piston Ring Parameter 活塞环系数 Opening Stress 工作弯曲应力 Modulus of Elasticity 弹性模量 Conformability 贴合性 Radial Pressure Distribution 径向压力分配 Piston Ring Types 活塞环类型 Compression Rings 气环 Scraper Rings 刮油环 Oil Control Rings 油环 Single-Piece Oil Control Rings 整体控油环 Multi-Piece Oil Control Rings 组合控油环 Ring Joints 活塞环切口 Joint Notches 接头切口 Operational Criteria and Malfunctions 操作标准及失控状况 Engine Operation 发动机操作 Oil Consumption 耗油 Blowby 漏气 Exhaust Emission 排气排放物 Tribology 摩擦 Wear 磨损 Scuffing 刮伤/划伤 Microwelding 超精焊接 Friction 摩擦力 Malfunctions 失控状况 Ring Sticking 活塞环结胶 Ring Flutter 活塞环颤振 Ring Breaking 活塞环断裂 Piston Ring Materials 活塞环材料 Wear-Resistant Peripheral Coatings 表面复层 Chromium Plated Periphe