初二英语《句子的成分》课件.ppt

礼物114 句子的成分 Members of the Sentence 杨梓中学　八（２）班 预习 1）I am a student. 2）They are friends. 3）We went to the movies yesterday. 4）She is watching TV. 5）He is going camping next week. 6）-Where is Li Lei? -He has gone to Japan. 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，包括：主语、 谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。 主　语The Subject 　　　　主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。主语一般在句首。 Gina is from Australia. Lucy is an American girl. She often goes to the movies. We study in No.1 Middle School. The classroom is very clean. Three plus five equals eight. To teach them English is my job. →It is my job to teach them English. ★不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型 Gina, Lucy,She,We,The classroom,Three plus five,To teach them English 名 词Noun（n.） 　　　我们身边存在着形形色色的人和物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词。概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词都叫名词。 　 如： Tom,China,boy,door,pencil,peace 代　词Pronoun（pron.） 　　 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。用来代替名词、形容词或数词。 如：we,that,his,what 1．人称代词 ２．物主代词 ３．指示代词 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 　　　表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词。 谓 语The Predicate 　　 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须用动词。谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。 　 谓语一般在主语后面。 We are both quiet. He has a toothache. His parents are teachers. She looks well. We study hard. We have finished the job. He can speak English. are quiet;has a toothache;are teachers;looks well;study;have finished;can speak 表 语The Predicative 　说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，和系动词一起构成谓语。 一般在系动词后面。 Her mother is a bank clerk. Are you ready? Our country is getting stronger. You look younger than before. They are at home now. My book is on the desk. Everybody is here. a bank clerk;ready;getting stronger;younger;at home;on the desk;here 宾 语The Object 　表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当，和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么”。 一般在谓语之后。 　 All of us like him. He’s playing soccer. Can I ask some questions? She is playing the piano now. He often helps me. Lucy likes to sleep in the open air. We enjoy li