环渤海污染及其对生态系统影响的研究进展.doc

环渤海污染及其对生态系统影响的研究进展 单华佳 （中国农业大学 北京 100193） 摘要：渤海是我国唯一的封闭性内海，是我国海洋生物资源发生量的重要发源地和鱼、虾、贝类的重要产卵场、索饵场和育肥场，在我国渔业水域中占有非常重要的地位。由于海洋污染、过度捕捞及其它因素的影响，自二十世纪九十年代后，渤海海域渔业资源种类和数量急剧衰减，许多优良的产卵育苗场、育肥场的渔业功能丧失，渔业资源的恢复能力下降，海洋生态环境迅速恶化。 本文通过对渤海地区海洋资源开发利用现状以及海洋生态系统现状相关文献及数据的研究，结合环渤海地区海洋经济可持续发展的需要，并参考了国外内海生态系统管理经验，分析了海洋资源、海洋生态系统环境和可持续发展之间的关联。重点研究探讨了以下几个方面的内容：1.尽快建立并完善海洋保护法律法规体系。2.建立海洋环境资源价值的评估体系。3.建立渤海区域海洋环境预警系统。4.对渤海区域现有产业结构和布局进行优化。5.发展渤海海洋循环经济。提出合理利用海洋资源、保护海洋生态系统环境、优化产业结构的一些意见和措施，为实现环渤海海洋经济的可持续发展提供一些参考。 关键词:环境;污染;生态系统;渤海;可持续发展 Research progress of Pollution and Its Influence on Ecological System around Bohai Sea Huajia shan (China Agriculture University, beijing ,100193) Abstract: Bohai Sea is the only nearly-closed inner sea in our country, is the spawning, feeding and fattening grounds for fishes, shrimps and shellfishes, and also is the important provenance regions of producing marine biological resources, which play an important role in Chinese fishery waters. Recent years, due to the influences of marine pollution, over-fishing and other factors, the species and the quantity of fishery resources have decreased rapidly since 1990s, and the waken tendency is still going on. Many good spawning, fattening grounds have lost their fishery functions. The capability of recovering to normal level of fishery resources has been weakened. The marine ecological environment has been become worse and worse. In this paper, the relationship between marine resources, marine ecological system environment and sustainable development is analyzed by the dialectical method and referenced foreign inland sea ecosystem management experience. Under consideration of the current situation of oceanic economy around Bohai sea, some problems related to the development of marine resources and protection of ecological system health are discussed. Mainly includes the following points: 1. Establish and perfect the Marine conservation laws regulations as soon as possible.2. Establish the Marine environment resources valu