油田开采技术经济评价.ppt

Agenda Introduction Cash Flow (Revenues, Costs, Taxes) Influence Factor Measures of Merit Uncertainty Optimized Project 经济评价的任务、原则和步骤 2.经济评价的原则 3.经济评价的步骤 二、经济评价的依据 The accounting and economic worldviews Agenda Introduction Cash Flow (Revenues, Costs, Taxes) Influence Factor Measures of Merit Uncertainty Optimized Project 投资 油田基本建设投资 勘探投资 油田维护投资费用：为弥补油田产量递减而追加的 基本建设投资 Operating expenditure (opex)操作费用（开发生产成本） Cost incurred today that helps generate today’s revenues. Examples: Platform operating costs such as salaries, operating suppliers, ongoing equipment maintenance, office costs, energy/utility costs, transportation costs, etc. Expensed in the current period. 与井网有关的费用(材料、动力、工资、作业费、测井费等) 与固定资产总值有关的费用（折旧） 与产油量有关的费用（储量有偿使用费、维护费） 与产液量有关的费用（油气处理费、轻质油回收费） 与注水量有关的费用（注水注气费、热采费） Taxes (Government take) Governments have a variety of means of getting a cut of the economic profit of an oil and gas field Revenue（收入）: The total of all money received from the sale of firms product or service during a given period. Schematic cash flows(现金流) _  A typical Oil exploration and production project Cash Flow Cash flow is the movement of money (funds) into and out of a company’s accounts. Cash In: Positive(正) cash flows are items that move money into an organization such as revenue (sales, dividends) or savings. Cash Out: Negative(负) cash flows move money out of the organization such as capital expenditures, operating costs, working capital, and taxes. “Net Cash Flow” for any given period is calculated by subtracting(减去) expenditures(费用) from revenues(收入)/savings. The key job of Investment Appraisal is to calculate the Cash Flow of a project. In order to calculate the Cash Flow, you need to do a series calculation and build up a correlated Econ-model. Cash Flow + Revenue - OO Expenses( operation操作 overhead管理) - Taxes other than Income Taxes = OPERATING GAIN - Abandonment Outlays废弃费用 - Cash Income Taxes = CASH FROM OPERA