皖西学院本科毕业设计基于单片机(AT89C51)的水质监测系统的设计.doc

基于单片机的水质监测系统的设计 作 者 指导教师 摘要:现在水源污染已经成了社会密切关注的话题，所以对水质进行监测成了保护水资源的一项重要措施，基于此本文设计了一款能够有效监测水质的系统。对于水质的监测主要是监测水中自由离子浓度和水的浑浊度。设计的方案是基于单AT89C51单片机，对水源进行采集，再通过传感器对采集到的水源进行处理产生模拟信号，之后再通过模拟信号转变成数字信号转换器（A/D转换器），转变之后的信号传送给单片机，单片机接收到信号之后进行处理后再显示模块进行显示。通过本设计可以有效地得出水中浑浊度、自由离子浓度，从而判断水的污染情况！在本设计中，系统地介绍了水质监测的原理、硬件的结构、工作原理及其使用和各部分功能电路的设计。 关键词:水质监测、AT89C51单片机、数据采集、A/D转换、水中自由离子浓度、浑浊度、传感器 Water quality monitoring system based on single chip design abstract: now water pollution has become a social topic closely, so the water quality monitoring has become an important measures to protect water, I designed a model based on effective monitoring of water quality system. Monitoring for water quality monitoring is mainly free ion concentration in water and the turbidity of water. Design scheme is based on single AT89C51, the acquisition of water and water supply were collected by sensors to produce analog signal processing, and then through the analog signal into digital signal converter (A/D converter), after the change of signal is transmitted to MCU, MCU receives the signal after processed before display module display. Through this design can effectively draw the water turbidity, free ion concentration, to judge the water pollution situation! In this design, systematically introduces the principle of water quality monitoring, the hardware structure, working principle and its usage and function circuit design of each part Keywords: water quality monitoring, AT89C51 single chip microcomputer, data acquisition, A/D conversion, free ion concentration in water, turbidity, sensors 目录 1.绪论 1 1.1 我国水质监测背景 1 1.2 国内水质监测技术的现状 1 1.3 水质监测的意义 2 1.4 水质监测的监测指标 2 2水质监测的方法和原理 4 2.1 水中自由离子浓度与水的导电率的相互关系 4 2.2 水的浑浊度的监测原理 4 3水质监测系统的硬件设计 5 3.1 单片机的选择 5 3.1.1单片机介绍 5 3.1.2 单片机的最小系统 7 3.2 复位电路和晶振电路 8 3.3 显示电路设计 9 3.4 传感器的选择 11 3.5 A/D转换 12 4 水质监测系统的软件设计 14 4.1 C语言的特点和程序结构 14 4.2水质监测主程序流程图 15 4.3 ADC0832数据读取程序流程 16 总结 17 附录 18 1 自由离子浓度和浊度监测原理图 18 2 仿真图 18 3 程序清单 19 致谢 27 参考文献 28 1.绪论 1.1 我国水质监测背景