电动小车遥控器的设计.doc

摘 要 当今社会是信息高速发展的社会，随着科学技术的不断进步，电子仪器及设备的控制方式也在不断地改善，从早期的面板控制到目前应用广泛的各种遥控控制，给人们生活带来了极大的方便。红外遥控就是把红外线作为载体的遥控方式，由于红外线的波长远小于无线电波的波长，因此在采用红外线遥控方式时，不会干扰其他电器的正常工作，也不会影响临近的无线电设备。 红外遥控收发电路有其广泛的应用，根据不同的设计方法，可以实现不同的功能。本设计应用于控制小汽车的前进、后退、左转弯、右转弯。设计主要有两部分组成，第一部分是发射电路的设计与调试；第二部分是接收电路的设计与调试。接收器件采用红外遥控接收器件（IRM-2038），它的内部有一个窄带滤波器，中心频率为38 KHz。因此，本设计系统中，在发射端，通过对38KHz脉冲的不同调制来发送不同的码，即用AT89C51来控制38KHz脉冲的有无时间的不同来发送不同的码，在接收端再用一片AT89C51对红外接收管接收的信号进行解码，在接收端通过译码，进行不同的功能控制。本设计中在发射端设置四个功能按键K1、K2、K3、K4，控制红外发射管发射四种不同的红外光信号，在接收端通过AT89C51单片机对各种信号进行解调，分别在数码管上显示四个数字1、2、3、4，并分别控制小车的前进、后退、左转、右转。 本文主要介绍红外遥控收发电路。首先，对红外光电器件进行介绍，讲述了其工作原理性能及优缺点等。其次，对红外遥控发射电路和接收电路进行设计和说明。最后，进行软件设计与调试。 关键词：红外遥控；发射；接收；调制 Abstract Now, society is the society of information high speed development, along with the advance of science and technology, the control way of electronic instrument and equipment also improving constantly. It has brought maximum convenience for people from the face plate control of early stage to the various controls of remote control which is applied wider. Infrared remote control is the way of remote control of infrared ray will be as vector, since the wavelength of infrared ray is smaller than the wavelength of radio wave, it will not disturb the normal work of other equipments; also not affect the neighboring radio equipment at the same time in lectrical remotely control with infrared ray. This design has two main components, the first part is the launching circuit design and debug, the second part is the receive circuit design and debug. The receiving device using infrared remote control device (IRM-2038), its internal has a narrow band filter, the center frequency is 38 KHz. Therefore, we send different codes through the different modulation on 38 KHz pulse in the transmitter of the design system, which is used AT89C51 to control the time availability of 38 KHz pulse of to send a different code, then decode the receiving signal with AT89C51 in receiver, thus achieve the different functions. It sets u