苏州古典园林垂直绿化造景探析.docx

苏州古典园林垂直绿化造景探析 姜丽丽，刘 振，蔡 平*( 苏州大学金螳螂建筑与城市环境学院，江苏苏州 215123)摘要 在苏州古典园林垂直绿化植物调查的基础上，介绍苏州古典园林中垂直绿化的植物种类，指出利用藤蔓植物造景是园林垂直绿化常用的手法之一，介绍了苏州古典园林中用于垂直绿化造景的 23 种植物，隶属于 13 科、19 属，在垂直绿化造景的应用形式方面，结合苏州古典园林中网师园、拙政园、留园、怡园、狮子林、耦园中垂直绿化造景实例，强调粉墙为纸、植物为绘，廊架为亭、植物为荫，篱垣为支、植物为缀，山石为骨、植物为衣，驳岸为基、植物为缘，柱干为轴、植物为饰，桥壁为面、植物为点，坡地为丛、植物为铺。关键词 苏州古典园林; 垂直绿化; 植物; 形式文章编号 0517 － 6611( 2011) 29 － 18003 － 03中图分类号 TU 986文献标识码 AAnalysis of Landscaping of Vertical Greening in Suzhou Classical GardensJIANG Li-li et al ( Gold Mantis College of Architecture and Urban Environment，Soochow University，Suzhou，Jiangsu 215123)Abstract Based on the survey of vertical greening plants in Suzhou classical gardens，the paper had introduced plants varieties for verticalgreening in gardens，and pointed out that it was one of the common techniques for vertical greening landscaping to make use of vine plants． Italso had introduced 23 species of plants having been applied in vertical greening landscaping in Suzhou classical gardens，which belonged to 19genera and 13 families． In terms of application form，it emphasized that white walls should be treated as papers and plants as paintings，shelves as pavilions and plants as shade，fences as supports and plants as decorations，rockeries as bones and plants as coats，banks as basesand plants as edges，columns as axes and plants as ornaments，bridges as surfaces and plants as points，and sloping fields as groves and plantsas auxiliaries by taking vertical greening in Nets Garden，the Humble Administrator＇s Garden，Lingering Garden，the Garden of Pleasant，theLion Forest Garden and Coupling Garden for example．Key words Suzhou classical gardens; Vertical greening; Plants; Forms垂直绿化是指利用攀缘植物或其他植物，在各类建筑物、构筑物等的立面或顶面所采用的一种绿化形式。在现代 园林城市建设中，通过垂直绿化的方式去缓解城市基础设施 兴建与绿化用地之间的矛盾已成为趋势。在玲珑雅致的苏 州古典园林中，紫藤廊、木香亭、葡萄架等更是随处可见［1］， 墙体、廊架、篱垣、山石、驳岸、柱干、桥梁、坡地更不乏垂直绿 化景观，攀缘植物与其他造园要素结合，不仅软化了园中的 硬质景观，同时形成了优美的园林意境。1 垂直绿化植物选择1． 1 植物种类 利用藤蔓植物造景是苏州古典园林中最常 用 的手法之一。藤蔓植物在垂直绿化造景的结构中作为层间部分，是亭台楼阁与地面、水体，高大乔木与地被植物的过渡元素，真正使整个园林达到“虽