美国政治选举简介.ppt

Unit One- Politics Politics involves several aspects, such as policies, parties, election, government management, diplomacy, ect. I. Knowledge Contest 1. When and how often does U.S. launch the presidential campaign? 2. What are presidential qualifications in US? The Constitution requires presidents to be _____________ citizens of the United States who are at least ___ years of age and have resided in the United States for ___ years. 3. Who might be the first woman to make a bid for the White House in 2008? Election to the Presidency The power of the presidency makes it the most __________ (吃香的) position in American politics. The Constitution originally provided for the election of the president and ____________ by the electoral college (总统选举团). Voters do not elect the president directly, they, however to vote for the electors who support a particular _________________ (总统候选人). The number of electors in each state is equal to the number of each states representatives in both houses of Congress. The District of Columbia, although having no representative in Congress, has three electors. Altogether there are ____electoral votes. All of each states electoral votes go to the candidate winning the most votes in that state no matter how slim the margin. 50个州选举人和哥伦比亚特区（the District of Columbia，美国联邦直辖区，即美国首都华盛顿）的3 名选举人共_______构成选举团人（the Electoral College）。在每一州中获得选举人票数最多的总统候选人便赢得该州的全部选举人票(winner-take-all)。获胜者必须拥有半数选票，即多于538/2，至少270张。如果没有候选人获得270张选举人票，宪法规定众议院投票选举总统。 Primary Elections (预选) Political parties choose their presidential nominees through primary elections and party caucuses (meetings预备会议). In these state contests, the major political parties—the ______________________ —select delegates to attend their party conventions. Primary voters and caucus participants choose delegates who will support their favored candidate at the convention. The party conventions, held in the summer before the November general election, formally nominate the winner of the primaries an