小学英 语 音 标及简单语法.ppt

英 语 音 标 音标简介 国际英语音标共48个，分为元音和辅音两大类。其中元音20个，分为双元音和单元音，单元音因舌位的不同又分为前元音、后元音和中元音。辅音按声带振动与否分为轻辅音和浊辅音，按不同发音方式分为爆破音、摩擦音、破擦音、鼻音、舌边音、半元音。 元音分类（20个） 前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [?] 单元音 后元音：[a:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:] 元 中元音： [?] [?:] [?] 音 双元音：[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au] [i?] [ε?] [u?] 辅音分类（28个） 爆破音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 摩擦音：[f] [v] [θ] [e] [s] [z] [?] [?] [r] [h] 破擦音：[t?] [ts] [tr] [dr] [dz] [d?] 鼻 音：[m] [n] [?] 舌边音：[l] 半元音：[w] [j] 其他分类法 单元音 长元音：[i:] [?:] [a:] [?:] [u:] 短元音：[i] [e] [?] [?] [?] [?] [u] 辅音 浊辅音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [e] [z] [?] [r] [d?] [dz] [dr] 清辅音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [θ] [s] [?] [h] [t?] [ts] [tr] 发音练习 前元音 [i:] 发音要点：舌尖轻抵下齿，前舌部向上颚 抬起，口型扁而平，发一时间持续较长。 例词：be meat sheep secret believe 例句：I don’t believe it. He feels very weak. [i] 发音要点：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭起，口型扁平，发音时间。 例词：it big rich visit loaded business 例句:It’s a very big city. I feel a bit dizzy. [e] 例词：many, get, bread, desk, bed, dead, 例句：I have a red pen. She gets up at six. [?] 例词：apple, cap, map, dad, chat, catch 例句：Jack had a chat with Sally. The cat caught that rat. 名词复数规则 一、一般情况下直接加-s eg: book-books bag-bags 二：以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es eg: bus-buses box-boxes 三：以辅音字母y结尾，把y变i加-es eg: family-families 四：以f或fe结尾，把f或fe变成v加-es eg：knife-knives leaf-leaves 五：不规则名词复数 man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 练习 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1、orange＿＿ 2、class＿＿ 3、text＿＿ 4、monkey＿＿ 5、piano＿＿ 6、child＿＿ 7、shelf ＿＿ 8、bed＿＿ 9、country＿＿ 10、family＿＿ 11、toy＿ 12、foot＿＿ 13、Japanese＿＿ 14、radio ＿＿ 15、photo＿＿ 16、army＿＿ 17、tomato＿ 18、fox＿＿ 19、woman＿＿ 20、knife＿＿ 22、sheep＿＿ 二、选择填空 1. The