FDBZ型一吨单车不摘钩翻车机设计.doc

摘 要 翻车机最早应用于矿山当时称矿山翻笼其依靠钢丝绳驱动完成翻卸作业。在此基础上经不断演变最终成为当前翻卸车辆的专用机械。实现能连续自动工作，所以这次设计的主要方向是对用的的改造设计，其传动系统和控制系统的改造，使其能够实现自动化翻车。这次的改造使其比以往的老式更具有人性化的特点，使人的工作量大大的减小，操作更加简单。 老式的大多是齿轮传动，继电器控制。这种体系结构机械冲击大，电气事故率高，很难维护，为了解决这一难题，我决定采用液压传动作为动力源，可编程控制器（PLC）为核心的电气控制系统。液压传动有以下优点： 1、与机械传动和电气传动相比，在相同功率情况下，液压传动系统的体积小、重量较轻、故障率低，可靠耐用。 2、工作平稳，换向冲击小，便于实现频繁转向。便于实现过载保护，而且工作油液能使传动零件实现自润滑，因此使用寿命长。 3、操纵简单，便于实现自动化，特别是与电气控制联合使用时，易于实现复杂的自动工作循环。 4、机器结构简化，布置灵活、翻车、停车非常平稳，不烧电机，不存在摔车的现象。 5、液压元件实现了系列化、标准化和通用化，易于设计、制造和推广应用。 所以我提出了以下设计改造方案： 首先对的动力系统进行改造设计。用液压系统来替代老式的电动机减速器传动方式。用液压泵来驱动液压马达，。其次对的控制系统进行改造。用 PLC 可编程控制器来代替老式的继电器控制。翻卸作业 可编程控制器（PLC） 液压传动 过载保护 继电器控制ABSTRACT The earliest application in mining was dumper said the wire rope over mine cage on driving over homework finished unloading. Based on this the ever-evolving eventually become the un-loading the special machine over vehicles. To realize the continuous automatic work dumper, so this time the design of the main direction of coking coal Zhao Gu group is a mine of reform of the counter design, and its drive system and control system transformation, so it can realize the automation overturned. The reconstruction of the old car dumper than ever more with the human characteristics, make the persons workload greatly reduces, operation easier. The old car dumper is mostly gear transmission, relay control. The system structure of the great mechanical shock, electric rate high, and difficult to maintain, in order to solve the problem, I decided to adopt hydraulic transmission as a power source, programmable controller (PLC) is the core of the electrical control system. Hydraulic transmission has the following advantages: 1. and mechanical drive and electrical transmission compared, in the same power, hydraulic transmission system of small volume, light in weight, low failure rate, reliable and durable. 2. smooth, impulsion is small, easy to realize frequent turning. Easy to achieve overload protection, and the work the oil can make the trans- mission