基于继电器反馈的自整定PID.doc

本科学生毕业设计 基于继电器反馈的自整定PID 调节器设计 黑 龙 江 工 程 学 院 二年六月  The GBachelors Degree Design of Self-tuning PID Regulator Based on Relay Feedback Heilongjiang Institute of Technology 2012-06·Harbin  摘要 关键词PID控制；自整定；STC单片机；调节器 ABSTRACT PID control is one of the control methods which are widely used in process industry at present. However, the simple PID control can not meet the optimal control requirements when the object system changes its characteristics, while manually adjusting PID parameters can not meet the control accuracy and adjusting frequency. There are a variety of PID controllers with self-tuning function at present, but the tuning methods of them are usually complicated and have bad influence on the actual control. In consideration of PID control method is still widely used at present, Design of self-tuning PID regulator will have good application value and market space. Based on the current application situation, this design puts forward and realizes the design of a kind of PID controller with parameters self-tuning function based on relay feedback. This design first simply introduces digital PID control and summarizes the current research on PID self-tuning methods, then study the principle and design methods of PID parameters self-tuning based on relay limit cycle method. Furthermore,this design carries out simulation experiments using matlab. Based on the study of theory, this design realizes a PID self-tuning controller using an STC single-chip microcomputer and shows the details of hardware circuit and software program. Key words: PID control; relay feedback; Self-tuning; STC MCU; Regulator  目　　录 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 引言 1 1.1 选题的背景 1 1.2 选题的目的和意义 1 1.3 PID参数自整定研究的现状 2 1.4 设计的主要内容 2 第2章 自整定PID控制及仿真 4 2.1 PID控制的原理 4 2.1.1 PID控制原理概述 4 2.1.2 PID控制算法的数字实现 5 2.2 继电器自整定PID方法 8 2.2.1 PID参数整定概述 8 2.2.2 继电器反馈自整定PID算法 9 2.4 整定仿真 11 2.5 本章小结 18 第3章 系统的硬件设计 19 3.1 系统设计思想 19 3.2 微处理器STC12C5A60S2简介 20 3.3显示接口电路的设计 21 3.3.1 74HC573简介 21 3.3.2 74HC573在本设计中的应用 23 3.3.3 指示