英语篇翻译实践.doc

二．语篇翻译实践篇： 在翻译的过程中，我们要把握整个语篇的特点（即文体类型及风格）认真清理文章发展的脉络，层次及句与句之间的衔接、连贯关系，同时还要注意一个词或一个词组与上下文或特定的语境中的关系。 （一）介绍篇章翻译的几种技巧： 1．按时间顺序 1）She found herself minus the leg one week after consulting a doctor about a persistent swelling she attributed to hard work and play in New York city---it was an inoperable bone tumor. While it saved her life, an ensuing year of chemotherapy reduced the once stunning model to a bald shadow of her former self. 她腿上出现了一个持续不消的肿块。原以为是在纽约又工作又游玩累的，看医生之后才知道是个骨瘤，而且不能手术切除。一周后，她便截了那条腿。虽然手术挽救了她的生命，但接踵而来的长达一年的化疗使这位一度艳丽销魂的时装模特儿秀发脱落，骨瘦如柴，失尽昔日风采。 2）She (Florence) was determined to pluck out of Hardy’s mind the things said in the derogatory diary that Emma had kept about her husband (Hardy), and which he (Hardy) destroyed after her (Emma’s) death. 埃玛生前记过一本诋毁丈夫声誉的日记，她死后哈代已把日记毁掉。弗洛伦斯决定要把日记内容也从哈代头脑中清除掉。（Emma 和Florence分别为Hardy的第一任和第二任妻子。） 叙述和描写分开 Gerald Ford was walking through a group of several hundred admirers in a pleasant , sunlit park in front of the California State Capitol at Sacramento, shaking hands with people in his amiable, relaxed way. 萨克拉门托的州议会大厦前的公园里，阳光普照，景色宜人，几百位杰拉尔德﹒福特的支持者聚集在那里。福特穿过人群，像以往那样平易近人、轻松愉快的同人们握手。 The desire to move about unknown in the well-clad world, the world of the frequenters of costly hotels, the world to which he was accustomed, had overtaken him. Moreover, he felt hungry. Hence he had descended to the famous restaurant. 这是个衣冠华丽的世界，是豪华饭店常客们的世界，也是他所熟悉的世界。它极想在这个世界里默默无闻的来往，再说，他也饿了，于是便下楼来到这家著名的餐厅。 逻辑连接的调整 It is not only military secrets that Communists steal now. Today they are after trade and technical data, too. Growing contacts in the West make their job easier. 目前（苏联）共产党人不光窃取军事秘密，也在猎取贸易和技术方面的情报资料。由于和西方的接触日益扩大，他们干这种勾当就容易多了。 （此译将原文前两句合在一起，成为递进关系复句，（……不光……也……）。最后一句的主语部分译为原因小句） 2) Man’s sudden concern for the environment has introduced a new dimension into international relations. It has heightened tensions between rich and poor nations; it has introduced a widened range of issues for potential conflict. 人们忽