土木工程专业英语教案.doc

Lesson 1 Civil Engineering 【学习目的】 通过本课的学习，要求掌握本课生词表以及课文中涉及到的常用专业词汇，能通顺地翻译全文，并且掌握一种翻译方法。 【学习重点】 长句和难句的翻译。 【学习建议】 学会利用工具书，课后多练习，掌握最基本的翻译技巧，即，首先找出每个句子的主干部分（主语、谓语、宾语），然后再把其他部分添加进去。 【注意】 由于本门课程学习的特殊性，以后每课的学习目的、学习重点和学习建议都与第1课相同。 I. Main idea of the text Civil engineering is one of the oldest engineering specialties. Depending on the type of project, civil engineering is subdivided into a number of technical specialties. They are structural engineering, water resources engineering, geotechnical engineering, environmental engineering, transportation engineering, pipeline engineering, construction engineering, community and urban planning, photogrametry, surveying, and mapping, engineering management, and engineering teaching. Each specialty has its special purposes. But they must be coordinated in order to accomplish a project. 土木工程是最老的工程专业之一。根据工程的类型，土木工程被细分为许多技术专业。它们是结构工程、水资源工程、岩土工程、环境工程、运输工程、管道工程、施工工程、社区和城市规划、摄影测量学、勘测和制图、工程管理和工程教学。每个专业都有特殊的用途。但是为了完成一项工程，必须把它们协调在一起。 II. Learning focuses 1. Important words and phrases predominate 统治，占优势 specification 说明书，清单 supervise 监督，管理 subcontractor 转包商 toxic 有毒的 precisely 精确的 coordinate 协调 derive from 起源于 2. Specialized terms geotechnical 岩土工程的 asphalt 沥青 aluminum 铝 fill 填方 excavate 开挖 plotting 测绘，标图 settlement 沉降 drainage system 排水系统 3. Difficult sentences 1) Environmental specialists study the project’s impact on the local area：the potential for air and groundwater pollution，the project’s impact on local animal and plant life，and how the project can be designed to meet government requirements aimed at protecting the environment． 环境专家要研究工程对当地区域的影响：潜在的空气污染和地下水污染，工程对当地动植物的影响，以及工程怎样设计才能满足政府对保护环境的要求。 [分析] 此句的主语为Environmental specialists，谓语为study，宾语为两个impact和一个how引导的宾语从句。 2）Based on information supplied by the other specialists，construction management civil engineers estimate quantities and costs of materials and labor，schedule all work，order materials and equipment for the job，hire contractors and subcontractors，and perform o