考研英语翻译_定从考研英语翻译_定从.ppt

考研英语翻译部分 定语从句的翻译方法 I. 简单复习定语从句 II. 定从的四种基本翻译方法 III. 历年考研试题实例 IV. 总结 定语从句的基本知识 基本结构：先行词+关系词引导的从句 关系词：1. 关系代词，关系副词 2. 在句中充当成分 E.g. 1. The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 2. This is the house where we lived last year. 定语从句的四种翻译方法 前置法 后置法 融合法 转译法 一、前置法 定从的内容+的+先行词 （通常翻译成单句） E.g. This is the soldier // who has just returned from the front. 译文：这是刚从前线回来的战士。 小结：此法多用于定语从句可被翻译成简短的短语的情况。 二、后置法 先行词，定从内容。（通常翻译成并列句） （1）重复先行词 E.g. China and Japan reached an agreement // on the issue of agriculture // which was a major barrier for their bilateral relation since 1996. 译文：中日两国最终就农业问题达成了协议，而农业问题自1996年起就是两国关系发展的主要障碍。 二、后置法 （2）省略先行词 E.g. After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 译文：饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直持续到深夜。 二、后置法 小结：多用于定从结构比较复杂时，再根据具体翻译出来的情况决定重复还是省略先行词。 三、融合法 将定从与先行词结合在一起直接翻译 E.g. There are some metals which possess the power to conduct electricity. 译文：有些金属具有导电的能力。 小结：多用于主从句关系较为密切时，常见于限制性定语从句，特别是there be句型。 四、转译法（或：状译法） E.g. They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country. 译文：他们企图镇压叛乱，结果叛乱愈演愈烈，遍及全国。 四、转译法（或：状译法） He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for. 译文：他坚持再造一幢房子，尽管他并无此需要。 历年考研英语翻译实例 98：…, what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. 译文：……他们看到的是150亿年前形成的形状和结构。 历年考研英语翻译实例 03：Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment where they live, … 译文：而且，人类还有能力改变他们生存的环境，…… 历年考研英语翻译实例 01：There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, //and cars with pollution monitors// that will disable them //when they offend. 译文：届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车违规，监控器就会使其停驶。 历年考研英语翻译实例 90：Behaviorists suggest //that the child ①who is raised in an environment // ②where there are many stimuli // ③which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses// will experience greater intellectual development。 行为主义者认为， ①如果一个儿童在②有许多刺