增减词 英语 笔译 翻译.ppt

Amplification and omission example 1）A book, tight shut, is but a block of paper. 译文一：一本书，紧紧合上，只是一叠纸。 译文二：一本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是一叠纸。 译文三：一本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是一叠废纸。 译文四：闲置之书只是一叠废纸。 四个译文，可以体现翻译不同层次。译文一，与原文似乎丝丝入扣，但却显得支离破碎、关系不清、语意不足；译文二，增加了“如果……不读”，意思明白无误，只是觉得言犹未尽；译文三，又增加了一个废字，这可是点睛之举。能否译出这个废字，是翻译这个句子的关键。译文三不足之处，就是行文拖沓累赘；而译文四则简明扼要，笔酣墨浓了。 Amplification 增词一般用于以下三种情况： 一是为了语法上的需要； 二是为了意义上的需要； 三是为了修辞上的需要。 Amplification 1.Putting in words omitted in the original Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. 物质可以转化为能量，能量也可以转化为物质 In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communique. 晚上在参加宴会，出席音乐会和观看乒乓球表演以后， 他还的起草最后公报 Amplification 2.Putting in necessary connectives. Heated, water will change into vapor. 水如受热，就会汽化 Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it. 因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任何物体都 会受到空气的作用力。 Amplification 3.Putting in words to indicate different tenses or sequences We wont retreat; we never have and never will. 我们不会后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们 将来也决不后退。 I had imagined it to be merely a gesture of affection, but it seems it is to smell the lamb and make sure that it is her own. 我原本以为这不过是一种亲热的表示，但是现在看来，这 是为了嗅嗅羊羔的气味，以断定它是不是自己的孩子 Amplification 4. Putting in words to convey the concept of plurality He stretched his legs which were scattered with scars. 他伸出双腿，露出腿上的道道伤痕。 The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. 群山开始向山谷投下一道道蔚蓝色的长影。 Amplification 5. amplification by logical analysis Air pressure decreases with altitude. 气压随海拔高度的增加而下降。 I was taught that two sides of a triangle were greater than the third. 我学过三角形的两边之和大于第三边。 omission 减词是指将原文中需要、而译文中又不需要的词语省去。减省的词语应是那些在译文中保留下来反而使行文累赘噜嗦、且不合汉语语言表达习惯的词语。 减词一般用于以下两种情况：一是从语法角度进行减省；二是从修饰角度进行减省。  omission 1.omitting the pronoun He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders. 他将双手放进衣袋，然后耸了耸肩。 For two weeks, he had been studying the house, looking at its rooms, its electric wiring, its path and i