阅读和理解--抓主题.doc

抓主题思想是阅读理解的关键subject），主题思想（main idea），题目（title）或目的（purpose）拟题。题型颇多，用词不尽相同，但所针对的都是段落（或短文）的主旨大意。 辨认主题句（topic sentence） 辨认主题句是获取段落主旨大意的一个有效的方法。凡表述段落主旨大意的句子叫主题句。这种句子一般具有三个特点：（1）表述的意思比较概括，相对其他句子来看，这种概括性更为明显；（2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长难句的形式；（3）段落中其它的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或扩展主题句所表述的主题思想（main idea）。 To grasp the main idea by identifying the topic sentence Example 1 Passage: Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts .He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire; a scientist with a love of literature, an industrialist who managed to remain an idealist. He made a fortune but lived a simple life, and although cheerful in company he was often sad in private. A love of mankind, he never had a wife or family to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died alone on foreign soil. He invented a new explosive, dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and road building, but saw it used as a weapon of war to kill and injure his fellow men. During his useful life he often felt he was useless:?Alfred Nobel.?he once wrote of himself ,?ought to have been put to death by a kind doctor as soon as, with a cry, he entered life .”World-famous for his works he was never personally well known, for throughout his life he avoided publicity.?I do not see,?he once said ,?that I have deserved any fame and I have no taste for it.?But since his death, his name has brought fame and glory to others. Question: The passage chiefly states that Alfred Nobel led a useful life why he acted contrary to his own wishes how he brought fame and glory to others that all his life was full of contradictions Example 2 Passage ;sometime certain eras or events from our past receive little or no attention. This might be because there is little information available on these subjects, or because the subjects are controversial or shameful, and we are reluctant {不愿}to face them。But when we ignore or deny a part of our past， we fail to learn the le