鸡尾酒英语及中文介绍整理.doc

A cocktail is a style of mixed drink. Originally a mixture of distilled spirits, sugar, water, and bitters,[1] the word has gradually come to mean almost any mixed drink containing alcohol.[2] A cocktail today usually contains one or more types of liquor and one or more mixers, such as bitters, fruit juice, fruit, soda, ice, sugar, honey, milk, cream, or herbs.[3] History The earliest known printed use of the word “cocktail” was in The Farmer’s Cabinet, April 28, 1803:[4] “Drank a glass of cocktail — excellent for the head . . . Call’d at the Doct’s. found Burnham — he looked very wise — drank another glass of cocktail.” The earliest definition of cocktail was in the May 13, 1806, edition of the Balance and Columbian Repository, a publication in Hudson, New York, in which an answer was provided to the question, What is a cocktail?. It stated that: “Cocktail is a stimulating liquor composed of spirits of any kind, sugar, water, and bitters — it is vulgarly called a bittered sling and is supposed to be an excellent electioneering potion, inasmuch as it renders the heart stout and bold, at the same time that it fuddles the head. It is said, also to be of great use to a Democratic candidate: because a person, having swallowed a glass of it, is ready to swallow anything else.” Compare the ingredients listed (spirits, sugar, water, and bitters) with the ingredients of an Old Fashioned. The first publication of a bartenders guide which included cocktail recipes was in 1862: How to Mix Drinks; or, The Bon Vivants Companion, by Professor Jerry Thomas. In addition to listings of recipes for Punches, Sours, Slings, Cobblers, Shrubs, Toddies, Flips, and a variety of other types of mixed drinks were 10 recipes for drinks referred to as Cocktails. A key ingredient which differentiated cocktails from other drinks in this compendium was the use of bitters as an ingredient, although it is not used in many modern cocktail recipes. The first cocktail party ever thrown was allegedly by