英语重点难点语法.doc

虚拟条件句的基本类型与结构 ? 一、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如： If you took a taxi，youd get there quicker. 如果你坐出租车去，你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐) If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道) 二、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。如： If Id left sooner，Id have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了) If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了) 三、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如： If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去吗?(大概他不会去) If I asked him，Im sure hed help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做) 注意与说明：对于与将来事实相反的情形，请注意以下几点： 一是这里说的与将来事实相反，实为对将来情况的推测； 二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外，有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小，常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设)； 三是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时，主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气或祈使语气。如： I should see him, Ill tell him. 万一我见到他，我就告诉他。 If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me. 万一明天下雨，就别等我了。 引用地址: /Article/201008/1661.htm你会正确使用虚拟语气的倒装形式吗 ? __________ your address，I would have written to you. A. Did I know B. Were I to know C. Had I known D. If I should know 此题应选 C。这是虚拟语气的倒装形式。当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should，could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，could 等词移至句首： 1. If he should fail，he would kill himself. →Should he fail，he would kill himself. 万一失败，他就会自杀。 2. If I were you，I would do it at once. →Were I you，I would do it at once. 假若我是你，我就会马上做。 3. If I could do it，I would. →Could I do it，I would. 要是我能做此事，我一定会做。 4. If he had seen you yesterday，he would haveasked you about it. →Had he seen you yesterday，he would haveasked you about it. 他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。 顺便说一句，以上移至句首的 had不一定是助动词，如果是实义动词也可倒装： If he had money，he would buy a car. →Had he money，he would buy a car. 他要是有钱，他就会买一辆小车。 引用地址: /Article/200905/1208.html 独立主格结构用法归纳 ? 英语的独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 1. 用作时间状语 The work done (=After the work had