构成词汇的材料.doc

构成词汇的材料 1、常见后缀集锦 注意:后缀(仅限意义明确且相对固定后缀)释义为其通常情况下之意思. （1）名词 ability, -ibility (可能性) =ability, flexibility age = postage, shortage al = arrival, refusal an, -ian, -arian (人员) = librarian, musician ance,ence =appearance, reference ancy,ency =emergency, expectancy ant,ent = applicant, correspondent cy = accuracy, privacy dom = kingdom, freedom ee (人员) =employee, interviewee er, -or, -ar (人员) =painter, beggar ery =bravery, slavery ese (人员) =Chinese, Japanese ess (女性;雌性) = actress, waitress ful = handful, spoonful hood = childhood, manhood ics (学科) = electronics, linguistics ion,-ition,ation = collection, observation ism (主义) = Marxism, socialism ist (人/主义者) = psychiatrist, violinist ity, -ty =cruelty, purity ment = movement, retirement ness = darkness, happiness ology (学科) = climatology, futurology ship = friendship, scholarship sion = decision, expansion th = growth, width ure = closure, exposure （2）动词后缀 en = deepen, fasten ify = classify, simplify ize, ise (使…化) = modernize, popularize （3）形容词后缀 able, ible (可的,能的) = suitable, questionable, flexible al = natural, structural an, ian, arian = suburban, Canadian ant, ent = different, pleasant ary, ory = advisory, customary ate = considerate, fortunate en