Samuel Johnson 教学大纲.docx

Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔·约翰逊 18 September 1709 ?– 13 December 1784 Dr. Johnson was an English author who made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer.Johnson was born in Lichfield, Staffordshire in the family home above his father‘s bookshop； His mother was 40 when she gave birth. As it was feared the baby might die, the vicar教区牧师of St Marys was summoned to perform a baptism. Johnson was put to wet-nurse. He soon contracted scrofula. Sir John Floyer, former physician to Charles II, recommended that the young Johnson should receive the royal touch, which he received from Queen Anne on 30 March 1712. His education began at the age of three, and came from his mother who had him memorize and recite passages from the Book of Common Prayer. When Johnson turned four, he was sent to a nearby school.A year later, Johnson was sent to Litchfield Grammar School. During this time, Johnson started to exhibit the tics that would influence how people viewed him in his later years, and which formed the basis for the diagnosis of Tourette syndrome At the age of 16, Johnson was given the opportunity to stay with his cousins. Having spent six months with his cousins, Johnson returned to Litchfield, but the headmaster angered by the impertinence无礼 of this long absence, refused to allow him to continue at the grammar school. His mothers cousin, died in 1728 and left enough money to send Johnson to college.After he turned 19, Johnson entered Pembroke College彭布罗克学院, Oxford. He was later asked by his tutor to produce a Latin translation of Alexander Popes Messiah as a Christmas exercise. Johnson completed half of the translation in one afternoon and the rest the following morning. After thirteen months, a shortage of funds forced Johnson to leave Oxford without a degree.In 1731, Johnson eventually found employment as under master at a school in Market Bosworth. Although Johnson was treated a