12_专业能力综合测试题库及答案《专业英语》.doc

《专业英语》测试试题 Passage Ⅰ Fundamentals of Automobile Todays average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment. Engine The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission. Body An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk desk built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. Chassis The chassis is an assembly of those systems that are the major operating parts of a vehicle. The chassis includes the transmission, suspension, steering, and brake systems. There transmission system comprises clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, rear axle and differential and the driven road wheel. The axle and wheels are isolated from the chassis by a suspension system. The basic job of the suspension system is to absorb the shock caused by irregular road surfaces that would otherwise be transmitted to the vehicle and its occupants, thus helping to keep the vehicle on a controlled and level course, regardless of road conditions. The steering system, under the control of the driver at the steering wheel, provides the means by which the front wheels are directionally turned. The steering system may be power assisted to reduce the effort required to turn the steering wheel and make the vehicle easier to man