冶金毕业设计翻译.doc

Recent Developments in Iron Ore Sintering Sintering is the most widely used agglomeration process for iron ores.As the blast furnace is a countercurrent process in which solids descend against a rising gas flow,it is imperative that the ferrous burden is supplied in a lumpy form.It is necessary,therefore,to agglomerate fine ores by sintering or pelletising.Pelletising is usuallypreferred in locations where low grade iron ore is mined and concentrated,particularly in North America.In other regions,natural high grade iron ores are available and sintering offer a lower cost agglomeration route.Consequently,sinteringis by far the more widelyused iron ore agglomeration process outside North America. In the past decade,the annual production of sinter worldwide has ranged from 530 to 586 Mt.Production has fallen since 1989 following the dramatic events which occurred in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS,previously the USSR)and other parts of Eastern Europe as their steel industries restructure.The recessionary effects in Europe and Japan have also adversely affected production,although it is expected to recover slowly soon,except in the CIS and Eastern Europe. Although alternative ironmaking processes are emerging,they are not expected to impact significantly on blast furnace production in the nest decade and possibly beyond. Consequently,sintering production should be maintained at its present level for some time to come.Production will decline in Eastern Europe and the CIS as rationalisation continus but grqwth will continue in China,Korea,and Taiwan. Sintering technology has evolved rapidly in the past decade.This has been driven by the need to: (i)decrease energy consumption following the escalation of energy costs in the 1970s; (ii)increase productivilty as older,less efficient plants are closed; (iii)reduce production costs; （iv）reduce environmental impact. In addition to reducing energy consumption,the sinter plant manager has been required to improve prod