食品营养学(双语).docx

翻译：①All you have to do is choose a selection of foods that supplies appropriate amounts of the essential nutrients, fiber ,and energy without excess intakes of fat ,sugar ,and salt and be sure to get enough exercise to balance the foods you get.所有你必须做的就是挑选食物，这些食物能够提供质量的必需营养物质，纤维素和能量，不过多摄入脂肪，糖和盐并确保能得到足够的锻炼平衡你所吃的食物。②They also make some general statements about energy intakes ,but they do little to protect people from excess intakes of fats ,sugar ,salt ,and other food constituents believed to be related to chronic disease.他们也做些一些关于能量摄入的一般性说明，但是他们几乎没做多少来保护人们以免过多摄入脂肪、糖、盐和其他与慢性疾病有关的食物成分。他们也制定了一些关于能量摄入的规定，但是这些措施在防止人们摄入过量的与慢性疾病有关的脂肪，糖盐以及一些其他的食物成分方面效果甚微。③In practice ,however ,diet planners must be sure to choose mostly nutrient-dense foods in each group because some processes strip foods of some nutrients and add calories from fats. With this caution ,the daily food guide can provide a reasonable road map for diet planning.然而，实际上，膳食计划者必须确保每类食品中选择通常高营养密度的食物，因为在一些加工过程中除去食品中一些营养素并添加一些脂肪而增加能量。考虑到这些告诫，日常食物指南能为我们制定膳食计划提供一个合理的途径。④Had you chosen fatty potato chips instead low-fat pretzels for your ballgame snack ,you body would have even greater amounts of fat for the calories taken in.如果你选择多脂肪的炸土豆条代替低脂肪的椒盐脆饼作为你看球赛事的零食，你的身体将因为能量的摄入而储存更多的脂肪。⑤Long stands of amino acids from large protein molecules ,and the side chains of the amino acids ultimately help to determine the molecules’ shapes and behaviors.长链氨基酸形成大的蛋白质分子，并且氨基酸侧链的最终决定分子的形状和性能。⑥Catapulted from the shrouded mystery of folk cures into the technological era that brought us vitamin pills ,they seemed a perfect answer to people who were looking for an easy route to good health.从民间使用古（秘）方到带给我们维生素的科学时代，这对那些正在寻找一个简单的途径得到健康的人们来说似乎一个完美的答案。⑦In contrast to the infectious disease ,each of which has a distinct microbial cause such as of bacterium or virus ,the degenerative disease of adulthood tend to have clusters of suspected contributors known as risk factors .Among they are environment , behavioral social and genetic factors that tend