4.医学术语的读音.doc

Pronunciation of medical derivatives Generally pronounced in the English way Pronunciation of consonants Pronunciation of single consonant C is pronounced 〔k〕before a，o，u, as in cardiac, coagulation, leucocyte and culture; and〔s〕before e, i, y, as in placenta, cilium and emergency; G is pronounced 〔g〕before a, o, u, as in gastrocele, gonad and anticoagulant; and 〔??〕before e, i, y, as in analgesia, gingivitis and gynopathy; Initial X is pronounced 〔z〕，as in xerodermia, xacorin and xalogen; and in other places pronounced〔ks〕，as in anthrax and staxis. Pronunciation of consonant combination Consonant combinations, like ch, ph and rh appear in a word as a unit and their pronunciations seem to have nothing to do with individual consonant. ch combination is mostly pronounced 〔k〕as in chronic and chromosome，and sometimes 〔??〕， as in chest and chin; ph is usually pronounced [?], as in phlebitis and photoradiometer; rh is pronounced [?]，as in rheumatism and hemorrhage. Pronunciation of double consonants For double consonants, such as cn, gn, mn, pn and pt, the first consonant of them is silent if placed at the beginning of a word; and the two consonants are pronounced separately if the pair appear in the middle of a word. e.g cnidoblast[??????????] astrocnemius[g??????????????] gnathostat[??????????] prognosis[pr?g???????] mnemonics[ni?m?niks] amnesia[?????????] pneumonia[nju:?????????] apnea[??????] pseudopodia[??????????????] apselaphesia[??????????????] pteridine[?teridi:n] hemoptysis[he?????????] Accent Category primary accent: is given to the syllable that has the strongest stress ( ??); secondary accent: is placed on syllables that are stressed but not strongly as the syllable with the primary accent ( ??). A word can have several secondary accents but only one primary accent. e.g radiculomeningomyelitis [r????????????????????????????????] General understanding of syllable basic unit of pronunciation for syllable, vowel is the main body, while consonant is the