研究生英语阅读翻译.doc

Much of the thinking done in formal education emphasizes the skills of analysis--teaching students how to understand claims, follow or create a logical argument, figure out the answer, eliminate the incorrect paths and focus on the correct one. However, there is another kind of thinking, one that focuses on exploring ideas, generating possibilities, looking for many right answers rather than just one. Both of these kinds of thinking are vital to a successful working life, yet the latter one tends to be ignored until after college. 在正规教育中，思考问题大都偏重分析技能，教给学生们的是如何理解对事实的论述、怎样领会或创立一个合理的论点、怎样想出答案、如何摒弃错误思路以及坚持正确的思路。然而，也有另外一种思维，这种思维突出探索新想法和产生可能性，侧重寻找多种而不是一种正确答案。这两种思维对于个人事业的成败是至关重要的，但是，后者往往直至大学毕业之后方才受到重视。 While I like to think of myself as being as rational as an economist should be, I can get a little miffed at minor offenses that somehow appear to me, momentarily, as great villainy. In some of my more embarrassing moments, Ive come to see law-abiding and therefore slow cab drivers as violators of the basic standards of taxicab decency, which, in my haste, I have convinced myself demand utterly breakneck speed. 虽然我自诩是具有经济学家应有的理性的人，但是别人对我的一些轻微的冒犯却让我很气愤，这些小的冒犯对我来说，顷刻之间就变成了很严重的道德败坏。还有一些令自己更加尴尬的场景，比如因为嫌那些遵守交通法规的出租车司机们开的太慢，我就认为他们有违出租车司机应有的礼貌得体，而当时我在赶时间，我确信自己不过要求车速快一些而已，虽然快到了很危险的程度。 There is a personal value — the presumption of decency — that counteracts the tendency to let hatred befuddle our reason. If we hold tightly to the view that people around us are as decent as ourselves, trying, like we are, to muddle honorably through life, it is harder to turn them into villains and to turn ourselves into creatures of irrational judgment. Besides, Im certainly no more decent than most of mankind. 假设别人是礼貌得体这一价值观会扭转憎恨迷惑理性的这一倾向。如果我们坚持认为我们身边的其他人和我们一样礼貌得体，和我们一样糟糕的生活却令人尊敬,那么就很难把他们当成恶棍，也很难把我们自己的判断变得毫无理性。顺便说一句，我不比其他大多数人更加礼貌得体。 I dont always succeed in presuming the decency of others, but I do my best. Like most people, Im pretty flawed but trying to be decent, and Im trying to believe the