8A unit6 grammar 现在完成时讲解.docx

8A unit6 grammar 现在完成时讲解引入：场景模拟open the doorI have already opened the door. 我已经打开了门I have already had lunch.I haven’t had dinner yet.I haven’t finished my homework yet.Have you had dinner yet?Have you finished your homework yet?Where have you had dinner yet?（提高）When have you finished your homework?（提高）一）基本结构：肯定句：have/has+过去分词(done) do-did-done否定句：have/has+not+done一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done……………………？Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + havent/hasnt.(否定)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have/has +主语+done ……?（提高）一，句型转换：He has already gone home.He _________ __________ home ____________. (否定句)____________ he __________ home ___________? (一般疑问句)He has lunch at home.He __________ _____________ lunch at home. (否定句)____________ he __________ lunch at home? (一般疑问句)He has been there twice. __________ __________ ________ __________ he been there? (划线提问)I have lunch at school.__________ __________ you ____________ lunch? (划线提问)二）过去分词怎么变来的：口诀：你规我则规，你不规我则不规三) 用法（1）对现在来说，动作已经完成了，并且对现在会造成的影响或结果, 常和already , just, so far, in the past few years, recently 时间状语连用? I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) I have (already)taken a shower (影响：我不用再洗澡了） I have (just) cleaned the classroom (影响：我现在不用打扫教室了） She has studied science (in the past few years ), so she is an expert of this field.(2)还没有做或从未做过的事情，常和never，ever ，yet 时间状语连用 I haven’t taken a shower yet. I haven’t cleaned the classroom yet. I have never been to America/ Canada/England/Beijing/Xinqiang/Henan Have you ever been to America/Canada/England/Beijing/Yunnan?（3）做一件事做过几次 (once, twice, three times, four times, five times) I have seen “ Forest Gump” for twice/once I have read the book for three times/four times/ five times I have taken part in English speaking contest for six times.（4）从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态. 常和for，since ，how long 时间状语使用. ①for+时间段　②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）　③since+时间段+agoHe has lived in Shenzhen for three years.= He has lived in Shenzhen since three years ago/since 2012I have been an actor for six years = I have been an actor since si