python-unittest基本介绍.docx

python unittest基本介绍python内部自带了一个单元测试的模块，pyUnit也就是我们说的：unittest1介绍下unittest的基本使用方法：1.import unittest2.定义一个继承自unittest.TestCase的测试用例类3.定义setUp和tearDown，在每个测试用例前后做一些辅助工作。4.定义测试用例，名字以test开头。5.一个测试用例应该只测试一个方面，测试目的和测试内容应很明确。主要是调用assertEqual、assertRaises等断言方法判断程序执行结果和预期值是否相符。6.调用unittest.main()启动测试7.如果测试未通过，会输出相应的错误提示。如果测试全部通过则不显示任何东西，这时可以添加-v参数显示详细信息。2 下面是unittest模块的常用方法：assertEqual(a, b) ??? a == bassertNotEqual(a, b) ??? a != bassertTrue(x) ??? bool(x) is TrueassertFalse(x) ??? bool(x) is FalseassertIs(a, b) ??? a is b ??? 2.7assertIsNot(a, b) ??? a is not b ??? 2.7assertIsNone(x) ??? x is None ??? 2.7assertIsNotNone(x) ??? x is not None ??? 2.7assertIn(a, b) ??? a in b ??? 2.7assertNotIn(a, b) ??? a not in b ??? 2.7assertIsInstance(a, b) ??? isinstance(a, b) ??? 2.7assertNotIsInstance(a, b) ??? not isinstance(a, b) ??? 2.7下面看具体的代码应用：首先写了一个简单应用：import randomimport unittestclass TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):?def setUp(self):?self.seq = range(10)?def test_shuffle(self):?# make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elements?random.shuffle(self.seq)?self.seq.sort()?self.assertEqual(self.seq, range(10))?# should raise an exception for an immutable sequence?self.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3))?def test_choice(self):?element = random.choice(self.seq)?self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)?def test_error(self): element = random.choice(self.seq) self.assertTrue(element not in self.seq)if __name__ == __main__:?unittest.main()下面是写了一个简单的应用，测试下面4个网址返回的状态码是否是200。import unittestimport urllibclass TestUrlHttpcode(unittest.TestCase):?def setUp(self):?urlinfo = [,,,]?self.checkurl = urlinfo?def test_ok(self):?for m in self.checkurl:?httpcode = urllib.urlopen(m).getcode()?self.assertEqual(httpcode,200)if __name__ == __main__:?unittest.main()如果有的网址打不开，返回404的话,测试则会报错?如果有的网址打不开，返回404的话,测试则会报错 ERROR: test_ok (__main__.TestUrlHttpcode)----------------------------------------------------------------------Traceback (most recent call last): File jay.py, line 12,