英语语法第十章.doc

第十章???????????????形容词、副词 ? 一、????????形容词 1.?形容词在句中主要用作定语,?表语,?复合宾语的补语,?特殊结构中的状语： 【例句】 Miss Smith is a very?good?teacher.（前置定语） He has nothing?pleasant?to tell you. Something?terrible?will happen. (后置定语) Don’t feel?sad, everything will be all?right.?(表语) They found the book quite?instructive. (补语) They spent six days on the small island,?cold and hungry. (状语) 2．形容词的某些特殊用法 1)?当某些表示行为的动词用作系动词时,?作表语 有些行为动词常用作系动词，后面应跟形容词作表语,?不能误用副词。常见这类动词有： appear，act，become，feel，fall，get，grow，look，remain, seem，sound，smell，stay，taste，turn，etc． 【例句】 We believe that he already feels very?sad?about his mistake and we have decided to take no further action． Since one of their members was a prisoner of war in Vietnam，the family felt?bad?when they heard over their radio that the peace were to be discontinued． 2)?表示人品的形容词的常用结构 “It is十表示人品的形容词十of十代词十不定式”，这种结构用来表示对某人所做的事的一种赞赏，或者厌恶。用在这种结构中的形容词有： brave，clever，considerate，cruel，foolish，good，kind，nice，rude，silly，stupid，thoughtful，wicked，wise，wrong，etc． 【例句】 It was very?kind?of you to lend him some money to escape the bankruptcy． It’s?considerate?of you to meet me at the airport. 3)?易误作副词的形容词 通常形容词加后缀-ly可变为副词；但有些带-ly词尾的词却是形容词，特别容易引起误用，如： lovely（可爱的）????????????????????? likely（很可能的） deadly（致命的）???????????????????? earthly（现世的） leisurely（有闲的）?????????????????? weekly（每周一次的） yearly（每年一次的）?????????????? manly（丈夫气概的） brotherly（友爱的）????????????????? friendly（友好的）， badly?(糟糕的) 【例句】 As I didn’t have any experience，I?was likely to?have problems. “Electronic World” is a?weekly?magazine，we are its permanent subscriber． ? 二、副词 1.?副词通常在句中作状语，修饰动词，形容词，副词，或整个句子。 【例句】 I?usually?take sandwiches for my lunch, but now I go to a café. (修饰动词) He is?very?honest. (修饰形容词) She sings?quite?well. (修饰副词) Personally,?I didn’t approve of the idea. (修饰整个句子) 2.?副词的位置 1)?地点副词与态度副词 地点副词如：abroad，away，downstairs，everywhere，outside，around，here, there，below，anywhere，somewhere,?态度副词如；kindly，badly，well，quickly，distinctly,intentionally通常应放在宾语之后，若无宾语，应放在该动词之后。但态度副词还常可放在系动词之后，行为动词之前。 【例句】 I r