语言学复习试题集锦.doc

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英语语言学复习 I. Matching.(连线题) functional shift:It refers to the change of words from one part of speech to another. morphology:It refers to the study of the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed. displacement:It means that language can communicate about things that are absent: real or imagined matters in the past, present, or future. antonymy:It is a standard technical term used for “oppositeness of meaning between lexemes.” acoustic phonetics:It studies the physical properties of speech sounds, as transmitted between mouth and ear. generalization:It is defined as the use of previously available strategies in new situations. culture:It refers to the patterns of customs, traditions, social habits, values and beliefs of a society. Received Pronunciation:It refers to the particular way of pronouncing standard English. acronym:It refers to the word derived from the initials of several words. homonymy:It refers to the case that two, or more meanings may be associated with the same linguistic form. interference:It can be defined as the use of elements from one language while speaking another. distinctive features:The features that a phoneme has and that distinguish it from other phonemes. articulatory phonetics:It studies the human speech organs and the way in which the speech are produced. duality:It refers to the fact that in all languages, there are two levels of structure: higher level of meaningful units and lower level of sounds. polysemy:It refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings. blending:It refers to the combination of parts of other words. back-formation:It refers to the word coined from already existing words by “subtracting” an affix thought to be part of the old word. social-class dialect:It refers to the linguistic variety characteristic of a particular social class. regional dialect:It refers to the linguistic variety used by people living in a particular place. cultural transmission:It mea

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